Hemodynamics Flashcards

1
Q

Vascular branching results in an

A

Increase in total cross sectional area

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2
Q

Fluid mechanics can define

A

Flow through straight rigid tubes

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3
Q

Cardiovascular syste contains

A

Non homogenous fluid
Traveling through branched non-rigid tubes
Propelled by pulsatile forces

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4
Q

Hemodynamics

A

The study of physical conditions governing flow through the vasculature

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5
Q

CO =

A

(MAP - RAP)/ TPR

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6
Q

Resistance to flow (TPR)) as describes by Poiseullie

A

R = 8n(viscosity)L/Npier^4

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7
Q

Factors influencing the properties of blood under pressure

A

Viscosity

Deformabilty

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8
Q

Blood viscosity changes with

A

Hematocrit, pressure gradients, vessel diameter, and temperature

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9
Q

Fibrinogen in the red blood cells increase in

A

Sickle cell anemia

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10
Q

Flow of blood through the cardiovascular system requires

A

Pressure gradients

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11
Q

Flow can be

A

Laminar or turbulent

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12
Q

Laminar flow

A

Little mixing of fluid in different layers
Very efficient
Shear stress on the vascular walls is proportional to rate of flow

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13
Q

Turbulent flow

A

Irregular motion fluid within a tube
Usually associated with murmurs and may be normal or abnormal
Energy in eddies is converted to heat, thus additional pressure is needed to move fluid along during turbulent flow
Increases resistance to flow

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14
Q

Turbulence is predicted by

A

The Reynold’s number

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15
Q

Re =

A

V * D * density / viscosity

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16
Q

Is Reynolds is 2000

A

2000 - turbulent flow

17
Q

What predispose vessels to turbulent flow

A

Large vessels, high blood viscosity, low blood viscosity

18
Q

Total energy

A

Kinetic energy + potential energy

19
Q

Bernoulli’s principle

A

Total energy at one area in a closed system must equal total energy in another area
Contributes to the drop pressure ad velocity between adjacent vascular beds

20
Q

Bernoulli’s principal applied to aortic stenosis

A

Decreased lateral pressure

Reduce coronary filling since lateral pressure is important in the continues proposing of blood during early diastole

21
Q

Bernoulli’s principle applied to aneursym

A

KE will decrease due to a lower velocity of flow through the region of large diameter

22
Q

Aneursym

A

Abnormal dilutions of blood vessel walls resulting from disease of the vessel wall

23
Q

Total energy

A

Kinetic energy + potential energy

24
Q

Bernoulli’s principle

A

Total energy at one area in a closed system must equal total energy in another area
Contributes to the drop pressure ad velocity between adjacent vascular beds

25
Q

Bernoulli’s principal applied to aortic stenosis

A

Decreased lateral pressure

Reduce coronary filling since lateral pressure is important in the continues proposing of blood during early diastole

26
Q

Bernoulli’s principle applied to aneursym

A

KE will decrease due to a lower velocity of flow through the region of large diameter

27
Q

Aneursym

A

Abnormal dilutions of blood vessel walls resulting from disease of the vessel wall