Hemodynamic Monitoring Flashcards
The measurement of pressure, flow, and oxygenation within the cardiovascular system
hemodynamic monitoring
If preload is unchanged and the heart contracts more forcefully, what will also increase?
contractility
Which drugs will increase or improve contractility?
Epinephrine, norepinephrine, isoproterenol (Isuprel), dopamine, dobutamine, digitalis-like drugs, calcium, and milrinone
What kind of drugs will increase contractility?
positive inotropes
What kind of drugs will decrease contractility?
negative inotropes
What will transducers placed higher than the phlebostatic axis produce?
falsely low BP readings
What will transducers placed lower than the phlebostatic axis produce?
falsely high BP readings
What are patients with arterial lines at risk for?
hemorrhage, infection, thrombus formation, neuromuscular impairment, and loss of limb
What should be assessed every 1 to 4 hours to maintain line patency on an arterial line?
(1) pressure bag is inflated to 300 mm Hg, (2) flush bag contains fluid, and (3) system is delivering a continuous slow (1 to 3 mL/hr) flush.
What can be measured if you inflate the balloon in a swan catheter?
end diastolic left ventricular volume (left ventricular preload)
How much liquid should be used to inflate a balloon in a swan catheter?
about 2mLs
What is normal PAWP?
4-12 mmHg (reflects left sided preload)
What is the normal CVP?
2-6 mmHg (reflects right sided preload)
What is normal PAP?
20-30/10’s mm Hg (Blood pressure in the lungs)
What is the most common reason for Pulmonary HTN?
aortic valve disease
