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NURS 470 > Cardiac Drugs > Flashcards

Cardiac Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What kind of drugs are -prils?

A

antihypertensive ACE inhibitors

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2
Q

What are -pril drugs used for?

A

To treat hypertension

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3
Q

What kind of drug is spironolactone?

A

Potassium-sparing diuretic

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4
Q

What needs to be monitored before administering sprinolactone?

A

Serum Potassium and blood pressure

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5
Q

What needs to be assessed before administering and ACE inhibitor?

A

Blood pressure

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6
Q

What do -lol drugs do?

A

reduce hypertension and heart rate

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7
Q

What do potassium-sparing diuretics do to blood pressure?

A

decreases blood pressure

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8
Q

When would a potassium sparing diuretic, like spironolactone, be indicated?

A

Severe edema, like with CHF, cirrhosis, and nephrotic syndrome

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9
Q

What should be avoided for a patient on spironolactone?

A

salt substitutes and high potassium foods

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10
Q

What kind of drug is hydrochlorothiazide?

A

An antihypertensive thiazide diuretic

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11
Q

What gets excreted when hydrochlorothiazide is administered?

A

na, k, mg, hco3

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12
Q

When are thiazide diuretics indicated?

A

mild to moderate HTN, treatment of edema associated with CHF

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13
Q

Why would you administer spironolactone instead of hydrochlorothiazide in a CHF patient?

A

if K+ levels are low, spironolactone would be administered, if K+ levels are high, HCTZ would be administered

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14
Q

What kind of drugs are -statins?

A

lipid lowering agents (HMG-CoA inhibitor)

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15
Q

What drugs are used for primary prevention of CAD?

A

statins

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16
Q

When is nitroglycerin indicated?

A

For acute angina

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17
Q

Which drug will dilate coronary arteries to increase blood flow and decrease ischemia of the heart?

A

Nitroglycerin

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18
Q

Nitroglycerin should be avoided with ________ because it can cause fatal hypotension

A

slidenafil

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19
Q

What kind of drug is Nitroglycerin?

A

Antianginal nitrate

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20
Q

What is amiodarone used to treat?

A

ventricular and atrial arrhythmias

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21
Q

How does amiodarone treat arrhythmias?

A

It will decrease myocardial excitability

22
Q

What kind of drugs are -sartans?

A

antihypertensive angiotensin II receptor antagonists

23
Q

Why would a -sartan drug be used over an ACE inhibitor to treat edema related to CHF?

A

Patient cannot tolerate an ACE inhibitor

24
Q

What will -sartan drugs disable?

A

renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system

25
Q

What will ACE inhibitors decrease in the body?

A

aldosterone

26
Q

What kind of drugs are -lols?

A

beta blockers

27
Q

When are beta blockers used?

A

to treat HTN, prevent MIs, and decrease mortality in clients, and management in CHF

28
Q

When is dopamine used?

A

in treatment of shock unresponsive to fluid replacement

29
Q

Which drug is an inotropic vasopressor/adrenergic?

A

Dopamine

30
Q

This drug is an adjunct to standard measures to improve blood pressure, CO, and urinary output in cases of shock?

A

Dopamine

31
Q

This drug is an adjunct to standard measures to improve blood pressure, CO, and urinary output in cases of shock?

A

Dopamine

32
Q

What can digoxin be used for?

A

treatment of CHF, tachyarrhythmias, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, and paroxysmal atrial tachycardia

33
Q

Which drug will both slow and strengthen the force of myocardial contraction by prolonging the refractory period of the AV node and decreasing the conduction through the SA and AV nodes?

A

Digoxin

34
Q

What class is digoxin?

A

antiarrhythmic agent, inotropic agent/digitalis glycoside

35
Q

Which drug is used for the treatment of sinus bradycardia, heart block, and reversal of adverse muscarinic effects?

A

Atropine

36
Q

Which drug is an antiasthamtic, bronchodilator, vasopressor/adrenergic agent?

A

epinephrine

37
Q

What can epinephrine be used to treat?

A

cardiac arrest and increased contractility, heart rate, and urinary output during shock

38
Q

What will accumulate at the beta adrenergic receptors when epinephrine is administered?

A

cAMP

39
Q

What do beta-1 adrenergic receptors affect? and beta-2?

A

cardiac system and pulmonary system

40
Q

How does slidenafil work?

A

it will vasodilate and decrease BP

41
Q

Which type of drugs are antihypertensives that relax the prostatic urethra and are peripherally acting antiadrenergics?

A

Alpha-1 blockers that usually end in -osin

42
Q

How do drugs like Tamsulosin work?

A

decreases contractions in the smooth muscle of the prostatic capsule by preferentially binding to alpha-1 adrenergic receptors

43
Q

When is phenylephrine used?

A

in cases of severe hypotension during anesthesia or septic shock

44
Q

Which drug is an adrenergic vasopressor?

A

Phenylephrine

45
Q

What do calcium channel blockers normally end in?

A

-dipine, -zem, and -amil

46
Q

When is levophed indicated?

A

Hypotensive States and Cardiac Arrest

47
Q

Which drug is an adrenergic agonist (alpha 1, alpha 2, beta 1) that is also a catecholamine?

A

norepinephrine (levophed)

48
Q

Which drug has Alpha receptor activity that will result in peripheral vasoconstriction and beta receptor activity that will stimulation the heart and coronary artery vasodilation?

A

Levophed

49
Q

What can vasopressin be used for?

A

Shock, Vasoconstriction, with hypotension despite fluids and catecholamines

50
Q

Does vasopressin cause vasoconstriction or vasodilation?

A

vasoconstriction

51
Q

What is diltiazem used for?

A

angina pectoris, essential hypertension, and cardiac dysrhythmias

NURS 470 (33 decks)

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