Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AGNP AANC Boards > Heme > Flashcards

Heme Flashcards

1
Q

Normal hgb

A

M: < 13 W: <12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Normal HCT

A

M < 40 W: <36

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

MCV

A

Blood cell size normal is 80-100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

MCHC

A

Measures Color of RBC

Will be low in iron deficiency anemia

Normal in a/b thallasemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Serum Ferritin

A

Most SENSITIVE test to detect iron deficiency anemia

< 15 = dx of IDA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Retic count

A

immature RBC, elevated in a few days to week after supplementation of iron /folate/ or B12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

RDW

A

measures the differences in RBC sizes. Elevated in anemias and is an early indicator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

TIBC

A

it is the measure of the transport protein in blood. Elevated in IDA
normal in thal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What will you see on a blood smear with a person with IDA

A

Microcytic hypocromic RBC’s

Poikilocytosis ( abnormally shaped)

Anisocytisis ( variability in size)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

IDA S/S

A

May have a normal CBC in early phase,

Fatigue, pallor, leg cramps, angular stomatitis, cheilosis

PICA: cravings for clay, ice chips, dirt

Nails: Will see Koilonychia ( spoon-shaped nails)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How much iron is stored in the body

A

2500 mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the treatment for IDA

A
  1. find cause
  2. replace with ferrous sulfate 325 TID for 6-8 weeks
  3. Correct diet
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are foods high in iron

A

spinach, red meat, liver, egg yolks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What labs would you see with IDA

A

decreased

  • MCV
  • Hgb
  • HCT
  • ferritin
  • iron

Increased

  • RDW
  • TIBC

Normal
- Hgb Electrophoresis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What would you check to see the iron supplementation response

A
  1. retic count peak at 7-10 days
  2. order a CBC w/ retic in 4-6 weeks
  3. Hbg will rise in 6-8 weeks
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Who is most effected with thalassemia A/B

A

Mediterraens ( italian, greek, arabs)
South east asians ( chinese, flininos)
Africians

17
Q

Normocytic anemia levels

A

MCV 80-100

18
Q

classic presentation for normocytic anemia

A

elderly w an autoimmune dx w/ malgiancy and signs and symptoms of anemia

19
Q

What is the main problem with normocytic anemia

A

bone marrow is adversely affected

20
Q

What are the two causes of macrocytic anemia

A

B12 or Folate

21
Q

What is the first and second tests for macrocytic anemia

A
  1. CBC ( will see decresed H/H and increased MCV >100)

2. then order B12 folate , retic, peri smear

22
Q

what will you see on a peripheral smear with someone with macro

A

macrocytes, megaloblastic RBC’s, hypersegmented neutrophils

23
Q

B12 deficency what is it?

A

macrocytic, normochromic anemia
also a autoimmune dx called pernicious anemia
lacking intrinistic factor

24
Q

what are high risk populations for B12 def

A

vegans, babies of vegans, bariatric surgery

25
Q

PE findings for B12

A

decreased DTR ( ankle jerk reflex)
vibration sense and proproception - decreased
hand grip weak

26
Q

B12 presentation

A

complains of generalized weakness with parasthesias of hands or feet, reporting lef stiffness, dropping objects

27
Q

Folate Def Anemia, def and cause

A 
Macrocytic, normochromic
low intake of folate ( malnutrit, alcoholics)
increased demand ( preg, lactation)
impaired absoptions ( meds
28
Q

What medications inhibit folate absobption

A

metformin, trimethoprin, triamterene (diuretic), methotrexate, phenobarb, phenytoin

29
Q

Presentation of folate def

A

alcoholic or elderly with pallor, fatigue, diarrhea, no nuero symptoms, check medications

30
Q

what foods are high in folic acid

A

cereals bread, fruits, non cooked leafy greens,

31
Q

what are the risks for preg women with low folate?

A

neural tubal defects

should take 400 mcg daily

32
Q

what is secondary polycythemia?

A

increases in RBC mass, increased H/H

overproduction of red blood cells. It causes your blood to thicken, which increases the risk of a stroke.

Caused by something else such as ,

dehydration can cause hct to become falsely high

increased production of erythropoietin secondary to aterial hypoxemia ( chronic smoking, copd, living at high alt) sleep apnea

33
Q

what is thrombocytopenia?

A

defined as low platlet count < 150,000

s/s:
- petecchiae to purpura, easy brusing, hemmorahge,

AGNP AANC Boards (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions