Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AGNP AANC Boards > Dermatology - terms and skin problems > Flashcards

Dermatology - terms and skin problems Flashcards

1
Q

Rosacea ( who is exposed, tx, presentation)

A

Fair skinned middle age woman, w/ history of symmetric redness on central area of face. Easy flushing with etoh and spicy food

TX: 1. avoid triggers 2. Metronidazole gel BID

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are Primary Lesions? which are < 1cm and which are >1cm

A

< 1 cm : Macule, Papule, Vesicle

> 1 cm : Nodule, Plaque, Bullae, Pusule, Wheal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Macule

A

freckle ( flat and nonpalpable)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Papule

A

Acne ( palpable solid lesion)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Nodule

A

Basal cell cancer ( raised solid lesion)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Pustule

A

acne pustules ( circumscribed elevated lesions containing pus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Bullae

A

Bullous impetigo, blister, 2nd degree burn ( elevated superficial blister fluid with serous fluid > 1 cm)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Vesicle

A

herpes simplez or zoster ( elevated raised skin filled with serous fluid ) < 1 cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Plaque

A

Psoriasis ( solid raised lesion with flat top

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are secondary lesions?

A

changes/ complications of primary lesions

ex. Lichenification, Scale, Crust, Ulceration, Scar, Keloids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Lichenification

A

thickening of epidermis due to excess itching

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Scale

A

flaking skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Crust

A

results from drying exudate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Ulceration

A

eroding of epidermis and dermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

scar

A

permanent fibrotic change following damage to the dermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Keloids

A

overgrowth of scar tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the rule of 9’s?

A

body surface of burn :

Arms and above : 9
Chest and below : 18

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Second degree burn

A

partial thickness

painful red skin, bullae, weepy skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

3rd degree burn

A

full thickness

pale/white color, charred skin, leather like texture, check ABC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

In burn victim, what do you give them if they are allergic to sulfa drugs?

A

Bacitracin, polysporin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Smoke inhalation presentation and plan?

A

thermal facial burns, w/ soot around nose and mouth, signed eyebrows, hoarness

send to ED

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is ABA definition of a minor burn?

A

Age 10-30 < 10 % patrial thickness burn

should not involve feet, face, gentials, hands, does not corss joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Cellulitis
bacteria ?
presentation?

A

Strep or Staph
acute skin infection, localized skin redness with defined margins. Feels warm, and tender, look for a point of entry ( bites, trauma)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Lymphangitis

A

red streaks that follow the lymphatic system. Often from IV antibioitic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Erysipelas

A

Strep infection, red red plaque or induration with sharp elevated margins around the face or lower leg. Must go to ED if face

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Furuncle

A

Boil or skin abscess. due to an infection of the hair follicle . Purulent drainage when ruptures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

carbuncle

A

cluster of boils connected subcutaneously , common behind neck

28
Q

What is the tx for mild cellulitis ( nonpurulent)

A

Keflex

29
Q

What is first line tx for abscesses

A

I and D

30
Q

What is the tx for purulent cellulitis ? MRSA

A

Wound culture and then Bactrim for 10 days

31
Q

Impetigo ( presentation and tx)

A

acute onset of round red rash with honey colored crusts. Very itchy and contagious

tx : Nonbullous type: Bactroban TID 7-10days
bullous : Keflex 7-10days

32
Q

Acne Vulgaris

Non- inflammed, Mild , Moderate, Severe

A

abnormal follicular keratinization

TX:
- non inflammatory acne ( open and closed comedones)
- 1 st : topical retinoids ( tretinoin Retin- A)
or Salyicylic Acid
- Mild papulopustular and mixed acne ( mild papules, pustules, comedones)
- Benzoyle peroxide and topical antibiotics and topical retinoid

  • Moderate papulopustular and mixed acne
    • topical retinoid, ORAL antibiotics and topical benzole peroxide
  • nodular acne ( refer to derm)
33
Q

What are the SE and Safety concerns for topical retinoids?

A

SE: irrtiation, wait 30 min to apply after washing face

34
Q

What is the safety concern with Tazarotene, Accutane

A

can not get pregnant

35
Q

What is the concern with tetracycline?

A

tooth enamel staining, do not give to children do not mix with antiacids dairy or iron

36
Q

Keys to staging pressure ulcers

A

stage 1 = no broken skin

stage 3 = full thickness, down to fat layer. slough

37
Q

How do you culture a skin ulcer ?

A

need to preform a punch biopsy

38
Q

What is an alginate dressing

A

from seaweed for exudative ulcers

39
Q

Who should use foam dressings

A

stage II and shallow stage III, good for over hips

40
Q

when should use debris a heel eschar?

A

only if it looks unstable ( wet, drains, boggy, loose)

41
Q

Hidradenitis Supportiva * presentation and tx

A

recurrent episodes of large painful and tender red nodular, abscesses in axille groin, perianal

due to occulusion of hair follicles glands

results in : multiple scars and sinus tracks and odoar

TX: avoid skin trauma, stop smoking, loose weight, if mild or moderate can do antibiotics at night

42
Q

Psoriasis presentation and tx

A

immune inflammaotry disease. I
tchy rashes that are red plaques covered with fine silvery scales ,
may see pitted fingernails

First line : Emollients for skin hydration
Topical corticosteriods : can cause HPA in high doses
can use Kenalog

43
Q

Auspitz sign

A

in psoriasis pts, meaning = scraping off plaques which results in pinpoint areas of bleeding

44
Q

Keogner phenomon

A

in eczema and psoriasis pts = skin injury that produced new psoriatic lesions

45
Q

Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis )presentation

A

systemic, symmetrical both sides of body, chronic with flare ups,

locations : hands, flexural side of elbow knees neck and face

itchy and linchenifcation is common

can have a higher incidence of allergic rhinitis and asthma

46
Q

Contact Dermatitis

A

acute, located anywhere, one episode, shape can be linear, itchy but no lichenification

47
Q

What is Rhus dermaitis

A

contact dermatitis caused by poison ivy

48
Q

Scabies presentation and tx caused by?

A

generalized itchiness that is worse at night.

locations include: sides and webs of fingers, wrists, ( flexor aspect) periumblicial area, penis

rash may look : serpenginous excoriacted, crusted, scaly, vesicular

caused by mites feces

TX: Elimite cream leave on for 8-14 hours then rinse and repeat in 1 - 2 weeks

49
Q

Is Lindane (kwell) lotion nuerotoxic?

A

yes

50
Q

Pityriasis Rosea

A

“herald patch” pink w/ fine scales–> will develop smaller rashes on the trunk area followed by a “ christmas tree” pattern. resolves on own

51
Q

What is the lab test for tinea fungi infections?

A

Scrape lesions and send for fungal C/S ( KOH smear will show hypae and spores)

52
Q

Tinea Capitis * what, presentation and tx

A

Fungal infection of the scalp

scaly round patches on scalp that itch. Hair breaks, may have permanent alopecia

TX : Systemic only = Griseofulvin, terniafine

53
Q

Side effects to systemic antifungal therapy?

A

drug interactions w/ warfarin, statins, benzos, macrolides

54
Q

Tinea Coporis presentations and tx

A

Annular red rash w/ scaling that slowly enlarge w/ central clearing, itchy

use topical azole ointment

55
Q

Tinea Cruris

A

Groin / topical tx such as

terbinefine ( lamisil)
Butenafine ( Lotrimin)

56
Q

Tinea Pedis

A

feet and hands : scaling on soles, use topical

57
Q

Onychomycosis

A

nailbed in elderly, thicken nails w/ debris

can use topical penlac or systemic

58
Q

Tinea Veriscolor

A

“sunspots” a rash that is hypopigmented or light brown color. Located on shoulder, chest, may itch

use ketoconazole cream

59
Q

herpes whitlow

A

caused by wither virus, and its aburpt onset of small papules which becomes vesicular. painful burning sensation, on index finger or thumb

give oral acycloir as topical is too expensive

60
Q

Paroncyhia w/ abcess

A

acute infection of cuticle around fingernail. Drain with #11 scapel

61
Q

How is a subungal hematoma tx?

A

by terphination ( drain blood out w/ massage using large paperclip or #18 needle

62
Q

SLE

A

chronic autoimmune disorder

will have a facial malar rash ( butterfly rash)

ANA = +

can use plaqueninil

63
Q

Molluscum Contagiosum

A

caused by poxvirus of the skin. Dome shaped lesion swith central umbilication . can be caused by STD

watchful waiting

64
Q

Rubella

A

3 day measles or german measles. can cause birth defects

give pregnant mother w a negative rubella titer MMR after postpartum period or later *

65
Q

RubeOla

A

Koplik spots = small white spots appearing on buccal mucosa which occurs 2-3 days prior to rash

rash starts at face and spreads downward

AGNP AANC Boards (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions