Health promotion and screening Flashcards
Primary prevention
most cost effective form of healthcare
examples:
- immunizations, counseling on injury prevention
Secondary Prevention
detecting a disease in early asymptomatic or preclinical state
ex. BP check, mammogram, colonoscopy
Tetirary Prevention
minimizing negative outcomes of disease
Leading cause of mortality in US ( 1,2,3)
heart disease
cancer
chronic resp disease
what type of cancer has highest mortality ?
lung
most common type of cancer ?
skin cancer, basal cell cancer
Who do you screen for lung cancer? what is the screening?
Screen active smokers w/ have a 30 year pack history
( or who quit up to 15 years previously) who are 55-80
screening test: low-dose HELICAL CT
Breast cancer screening
females 40-49 ( not reccomened)
Females 50-74 ( every two years) or high risk people ( on estrogen therapy)
Over 74 - not reccomended
Prostate Cancer screening
No automatically screening for all males, based on risk factors
High risk people : AA, 1st degree relative w/ family dx prior to 60 or who died before 75
Colon CA screening
start at 50 then every 10 years
over 76 not reccomended
high risk group: IBD (not IBS), polyps, smokers
Cervical CA screening
20 or younger ?
21-65
30-65
over 65
hysterectomy
20 or younger - do not screen ( even if sexually active)
21-65 - baseline at 21 then every 3 years
30-65 - every 3 years or every 5 if co-testing with HPV
over 65 - can stop if no hx of cancer in 20 years
can stop if hysterectomy not related to cancer
DM screening
age 40-75 or if overweight or obese
Osteoporosis screening
age 65 or earlier if white, fractures, or long use of steriods
HPV screening
age 21 looking for strains #16 and #18
HIV screening
once in a lifetime
