HEMATURIA Flashcards
What is defined as the presence of blood in the urine?
Hematuria
Do both gross and microscopic hematuria require evaluation?
Yes
An upper urinary tract source (kidneys and ureters) can be identified in what percentage of patients with gross or microscopic hematuria?
10%
Hematuria
Stone disease accounts for __%
40%
Hematuria
Medical kidney disease accounts for __%
20%
Hematuria
Renal cell carcinoma accounts for __%
10%
Hematuria
Urothelial cell carcinoma of the ureter or renal pelvis accounts for __%
5%
The lower tract source (bladder and urethra) of gross hematuria (in absence of infection) is most commonly from what?
Urothelial carcinoma of the bladder
Microscopic hematuria in the male is most commonly from what?
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
With gross hematuria what may help localize the disease?
Description of the timing
Initial hematuria, the presence of blood at the beginning of the urinary stream that clears during the stream, implies a source where?
An anterior (penile) urethral source
Terminal hematuria, the presence of blood at the end of the urinary stream, implies a source from where?
Bladder neck or prostatic urethral source
Total hematuria, the presence of blood throughout the urinary system, implies a source from where?
Bladder or upper tract source
Hematuria associated with renal colic suggest what?
A urethral stone
Irritative voiding symptoms in a young woman may suggest what?
acute bacterial infection and associated cystitis
In the absence of other symptoms, gross hematuria may be more indicative of what?
Tumor
Hematuria UA
Proteinuria and casts suggests what?
Renal origin
Hematuria UA
Bacteriuria and a positive urine culture in the female suggest what?
Urinary tract infection
What labs would you order for hematuria?
- UA
- Urine culture
- BUN and creatinine
What imaging would get for hematuria?
- CT scan of upper tract w/o contrast
2. Cystoscopy
What is indicated in patients with gross hematuria or those over 35 years with asymptomatic hematuria?
Cystoscopy
What are some things you are evaluating for with a CT scan in hematuria?
- Neoplasm of kidney or ureter
- Urolithiasis
- Obstructive uropathy
- intrinsic kidney disease
What are some things you are evaluating for with a Cystoscopy in hematuria?
- Bladder or urethral neoplasm
- Benign prostatic enlargement
- Radiation or chemical cystitis
True or False
Treatment for hematuria is dependent on the underlying disease process
True
