Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Small animal medicine II > Hematopoietic Malignancies > Flashcards

Hematopoietic Malignancies Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of lymphoma?

A

Malignant tumor of lymphoid tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How would you typically diagnose lymphoma?

A

FNA, cytology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

T/F: Neoplastic cells are fragile and must be handled with care when trying to obtain a sample

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

T/F: With lymphoma, >50% large lymphocytes/blasts indicates an intermediate to high grade lymphoma

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Besides FNA/cytology, what other tests are available to diagnose lymphoma?

A

Tissue biopsy via punch, cut, or lymph node removal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are some methods of identifying the cell architecture under a microscope?

A

Immunophenotyping, labeled Antibodies on the tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the most common type of B cell lymphoid cancer?

A

Diffuse large B Cells lymphosarcoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the most important type of T cell/NK cell lymphoid cancer?

A

Peripheral T cell lymphoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does PARR do?

A

PCR for Antigen Receptor Rearrangement is used to identify the permanently rearranged DNA in a neoplastic lymphoid cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How does flow cytometry work?

A

Counts and examines the cells by suspending them in fluid and counting through electronic detection machine.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the stages of canine lymphoma?

A

Stage 1 - solitary node

Stage 2 - regional nodes affected

Stage 3 - peripheral nodes affected

Stage 4- Liver/spleen/mediastinum +- peripheral nodes

Stage 5 - Bone arrow and other non-lymphoid tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are some lymphoma and paraneoplastic syndromes?

A

Anemia (mild), hypercalcemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the point of treating canine lymphoma?

A

High response to chemotherapy. Without it, pet will last only a few weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How do you assess the response to treatment against lymphoma?

A

Physical examination or imaging of tumors

Complete response, partial response, stable disease, progressive disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What agent is best used for single agent therapy for high grade lymphoma?

A

Doxorubicin - higher response - 60%

Longer duration of remission - 7 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does CHOP used for?

A

High Grade LSA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does CHOP stand for?

A

Cyclophosphamide
Hydroxydaunorubin (dox)
Oncovin (vincristine)
Prednisone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the response rate and remission duration for CHOP?

A

90% response

9-12 month remission (up to 2 years)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

T/F: It is harder to treat B cell lymphoma than T cell.

A

False. T cell is harder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

When should you start lymphoma therapy?

A

After it is confirmed to be lymphoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How often should a lymphoma patient after treatment have a recheck?

A

1-2 months. confirm relapses with FNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the typical treatment for low grade/small cell lymphoma?

A

Typically not CHOP, but prednisone or chlorambucil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the % survival for patients with low grade lymphoma?

A

90% after 1.5 years diagnosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How much greater is the risk for a cat to obtain lymphoma if it has FeLV? FIV? Exposure to cigarette smoke?

A

FeLV - 60x
FIX - 6x
Cigarette - 3x

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Where does lymphoma typically occur in young cats?

A

Mediastinum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are the three major forms of feline lymphoma?

A

Lymphocytic - low grade
Intermediate grade
Lymphoblastic - high grade

27
Q

Which form of feline lymphoma is diagnosed with FNA?

A

lymphoblastic lymphoma

28
Q

What is the most common anatomic location for feline lymphoma?

A

Gastrointestinal

29
Q

What are the three subtypes of GI lymphoma?

A

Lymphocytic, lymphoblastic, lymphoma of large granular lymphocytes

30
Q

What are methods of diagnosing GI lymphoma?

A

Rads, U/S, Endoscopy, Surgical exploration, biopsy

31
Q

What do you expect to see on lymphocytic GI lymphoma?

A

small, mature lymphocytes

32
Q

What is a big ddx for lymphocytic GI lymphoma?

A

Infectious Bowel disease.

33
Q

How do you differentiate between Lymphocytic GI lymphoma and IBD?

A

Immunohistochemistry.

IBD has a mixed lymphocyte population
Lymphoma is monoclonal (T cells)

34
Q

T/F: You treat lymphocytic lymphoma with CHOP

A

False! Use prednisone!

35
Q

How do you treat lymphoBLASTIC lymphoma?

A

CHOP

36
Q

T/F: GI Lymphoma of large granular lymphocytes is poorly responsive to therapy

A

True

37
Q

What therapy is most recommended to treat colonic lymphoma?

A

Chemotherapy

38
Q

How do you typically diagnose mediastinal lymphoma?

A

radiographs, FNA cytology of mass

39
Q

What is considered high grade with mediastinal lymphoma?

A

Large lymphoblasts

40
Q

How should you treat mediastinal lymphoma?

A

Combo chemo, CHOP, with potential radiation

41
Q

What is a sign of good response to treatment with cats?

A

Rapid, robust response

42
Q

What will you see with acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients?

A

Young animals, FeLV, lymphadenopathy, splenomealy, circulating lymphoblasts

43
Q

T/F: Prognosis for treatment of lymphoblastic leukemia is typically good with fast, quality treatment

A

False

44
Q

What will you see with chronic lymphocytic leukemia?

A

Older pets, nonspecific signs, anorexia, weight loss

45
Q

How do you confirm the diagnosis for chronic lymphocytic leukemia?

A

Flow cytometry

46
Q

T/F: You don’t always have to treat chronic lymphocytic leukmia

A

True

47
Q

When should you do chemo for a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and what should you use?

A

Clinical signs, low cell counts

Use Chlorambucil and prednisone

48
Q

T/F: All plasma cell tumors are extramedullary

A

True. B cells transform outside of the bone marrow

49
Q

Where is plasma cell tumors most commonly occurring? How do you treat it?

A

Dermal (plasmacytoma)

Treat via surgical excision

50
Q

T/F: Multiple myeloma is common

A

False. RARE

51
Q

What are the must have’s in order to diagnose multiple myeloma?

A
  1. Plasma cells in the bone marrow/other organs
  2. Monoclonal gammopathy in serum and urine
  3. Osteolytic bone lesions
52
Q

How do you treat multiple myeloma?

A

Melphalan - lifelong
Prednisone
Cyclophosphamide, chlorambucil

53
Q

Which animal, dog or cat, responds better to treatment for multiple myeloma?

A

Dogs

54
Q

T/F: Histiocytic tumors are rare in both cats and dogs

A

True

55
Q

What tumor is considered a ‘strawberry’ lesion

A

Histiocytoma

56
Q

T/F: Histiocytomas resolve on their own

A

True

57
Q

T/F: Histiocytic Sarcomas have a low metastatic rate

A

False. 90%

58
Q

How do you treat histiocytic sarcomas?

A

Surgery, radiation, chemo, prednisone

59
Q

What is the prognosis of malignant histiocytosis?

A

Poor. <6 months

60
Q

T/F: systemic histiocytosis is non-neoplastic.

A

True

61
Q

T/F: Polycythemia vera is rare

A

True

62
Q

How would you treat polycythemia vera?

A

Phlebotomy, chemotherapy

63
Q

What are the most common malignancies seen in practice?

A

Lymphoma, plasma cell tumors, mast cell tumors, histiocytomas

Small animal medicine II (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions