Gastrointestinal Flashcards
What are functional abnormalities that can occur with the GIT?
Dysautonomia, cricopharyngeal achalasia, esophageal motility disorders
What are some specifics of GIT signs like vomiting regurgitation and diarrhea what you want to gather to make a better diagnosis?
Onset and duration
Frequency, progression, severity
Appearance
Diet
What are some characteristics of vomiting that regurgitation does not have?
Abdominal contractions, open/relaxed sphincters, reverse peristalsis, digested food, nausea and retching
What are some differences between small bowel and bowel diarrhea?
Large bowel is higher in frequency with normal fecal volumes, with more often urgency, tenesmus, mucous, and blood.
Small bowel can possibly have melena as well as steatorrhea with increased volume
List some key diseases of the oral cavity
Periodontal Viral papillomatosis Odontogenic Neoplasia Malignant oral masses Eosinophilic granuloma complex Gingivostomatitis Foreign body
What disease has benign cauliflower-like lesions in and around the oral caivity?
Canine oral papillomavirus
T/F: Papillomatosis usually afffects younger dogs and will regress on its own as the dog’s immune system matures
True
T/F: Epulides - ondotogenic neoplasms are benign
True
What is the curative form of treatment for peripheral odontogenic fibromas?
Surgery
T/F: Peripheral odontogenic fibromas are invasive, ulcerated lesions in the mouth
False. non-invasive, non-ulcerative
What is the #1 malignant oral mass in the dog?
Malignant melanoma
How would you treat oral malignant cancer?
Surgery, chemo, radiation
What species is affected by eosinophilic granuloma complex?
Cats
What will you see on a FNA/cytology for EGC?
mixed eosinophilic and granulomatous reaction
T/F: prognosis for EGC is good, but recurrence is common
True
How do you treat EGC?
change food, steroids, flea control, pain management
What do you see with gingivostomatitis?
Severe chronic inflammation with ulcers and proliferative lesions
How do you treat gingivostomatitis?
medically for good oral hygiene, full mouth extractions, antibiotics
What are some signs you will see with pharyngeal diseases?
Dysphagia, retching, gagging, coughing, dyspnea, voice change*
What are some diseases that can occur with the pharynx?
Foreign body, inflammation/infection, obstruction, masses, neuromuscular dysfunction
What agents are typically the cause of tonsilar infections?
Viruses
What signs will you see with nasopharyngeal polyps?
Difficulty swallowing, nasal discharge, stertor
Where do nasopharyngeal polyps originate?
Middle ear
How do you treat a nasopharyngeal polyp?
Gentle traction to remove it