Cancer on the Body Flashcards
T/F: Dogs have oral cavity cancer more often than cats
True
Which oral tumor is most common in the dog? Cat?
Dog - malignant melanoma
Cat - SCC
What the most commonly seen clinical signs with oral tumors?
Pytalism, odor, changes in chewing, anorexia, bleeding
How do you diagnose oral tumors?
FNA for some, incisional biopsy for others
What is staging of oral tumors determined by?
Extent of the local disease
T/F: Malignant melanoma is really malignant and has high metastasis
True
Where does malignant melanoma metastasize to?
lungs, liver, lymph nodes
How would you test for staging for malignant melanoma?
aspirations and imaging
What are some treatment options for oral malignant melanoma?
Surgery, radiation, chemo (carboplatin)
T/F: Fibrosarcomas are not very locally aggressive
False
How do you treat fibrosarcomas?
Surgery w/wo radiation
Which lymph node is commonly metastasized to with canine SCC?
Tonsiles
How do you treat canine SCC?
Surgery w/wo radiation
What is the treatment option for feline SCC?
surgery with radiation
What is the prognosis for feline oral SCC?
Poor
How can you treat feline fibrosarcomas?
Complete surgical excision, radiation
What is the most common benign oral tumor?
Acanthomatous epulis
What does acanthomatous epulis look like?
SCC
How do you treat acanthomatous epulis?
Surgery, radiation
What is the most common nasal cancer in cats? dogs?
Feline - Lymphoma
Dog - SCC
What are some ddx for nasal cancers?
Lymphoplasmacytic rhinitis, foreign body, fungal disease (aspergillus for dogs, cryptococcus for cats)
T/F: Nasal tumors are often metastatic
False
What is the treatment of choice for nasal cancer?
Radiation
T/F: With thyroid tumors, the smaller the tumors the worse.
False
How do you diagnose thyroid tumors?
FNA/cytology
Why do you not want to perform an incisional biopsy on a suspected thyroid tumor?
Hemorrhage can occur
Where do thyroid tumors commonly metastasize to?
Lungs, lymph nodes
What tests stage for thyroid tumors?
Blood work, thoracic imaging, lymph node analysis
What are some complications with surgical treatment of thyroid tumors?
Hemorrhage, hypothyroidism, hypocalcemia
How can you treat thyroid tumors without surgery?
Radiation
(Definitive treatment - daily
Palliative - weekly)
Chemotherapy is metastatic or RT is not availalbe
What kind of cancer is thyroid cancer?
Carcinoma
T/F: For cats, carcinoma is the least common cause of hyperthyroidism
True
T/F: Metastatic disease in the thoracic cavity is more common than primary cancer
True
What is the most common CxS for pulmonary cancer?
Coughing
What are the most common primary pulmonary tumors in the dog? cat?
Dog - bronchoalveolar carcinoma
Cat - Adenocarcinoma
What is the treatment of choice for solitary lung tumors?
Surgery
What are the MST for each grade with primary pulmonary carcinoma?
Grade 1: 1.5+ years
Grade 2: 7-8 months
Grade 3: 0. immediate euthanasia
What is the prognosis and treatment of choice for metastatic pulmonary cancer?
Chemotherapy with poor prognosis
What are the two biggest ddx for masses in the mediastinum?
Lymphoma, thymoma
What CxS will you see with masses in the mediastinum?
Coughing, off breathing, exercise intolerance
How old are animals that have thymoma?
older. 9-10 years
T/F: Thymomas commonly metastasize
False
What are some paraneoplastic syndromes associated with thymoma?
Myasthenia gravis, polymyositis, hypercalcemia, exfoliative dermatitis in cats
What would blood work test for with mediastinal masses?
Anemia, lymphocytosis, thrombocytopenia, hypercalcemia
What do thoracic radiographs show you with mediastinal masses?
The mass, pleural effusion, cardiac displacement, esophageal dilation, aspiration pneumonia
What do you see with cytology of mediastinal masses?
Small, mature lymphocytes. Neoplastic epithelial cells
What is the treatment of choice for masses in the mediastinum and what is the MST in dogs? Cats?
Dogs: Surgery - >2 years
Cats: Surgery - 5 years
T/F: Mediastinal masses are non-responsive to radiation
False
What cardiac tumors can you see at the base of the heart in dogs? Right auricle?
Base: Chemodectoma, paraglanglioma
Right auricle: hemangiosarcoma
Which heart tumor is the most metastatic?
Hemangiosarcoma
How do you treat chemodectoma?
Pericardiectomy, RT