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Pathology II > Hematopoetic > Flashcards

Hematopoetic Flashcards

1
Q

Most common anemia type?

A

Iron deficiency anemia

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2
Q

Decrease in the amount of RBC or hemoglobin in the blood. Usually attributed to improper formation of new RBC’s, increased rate of RBC destruction, or loss of RBC due to prolonged bleeding.

A

Anemia

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3
Q

due to chronic blood loss, inadequate amounts of dietary iron, or increased iron loss caused by intestinal parasites.

A

Iron deficiency anemia

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4
Q

hortened life span of RBC’s. 2 main types: sickle cells & thalassemia.

A

Hemolytic anemia

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5
Q

Failure of bone marrow to function, resulting in decreased levels of RBC’s, WBC’s & platelets.
★causes trouble w/ clotting & fighting infection. Caused by infection & bone cancer

A

Aplastic anemia

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6
Q

occurs when large amount of blood is lost. ★ can lead to hypovolemic shock – 1 L of blood loss

A

Trauma (blood loss) anemia

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7
Q

Sx:
* Pale
* Fatigue
* Muscle Weakness
* SOB

A

Anemia

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8
Q

Tx:
* Depends on type
o Iron Supplements
o Blood Transfusions
o Stop blood loss
o Control sickle cell symptoms

A

Anemia

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9
Q

Most common blood condition. Typically a sign of disease, secondary to something else going on. 400 different types

A

Anemia

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10
Q

Neoplastic disease of unknown cause that results in overproduction of WBC’s ★ Can be acute or chronic. Cancer of cells, no actual tumors

A

Leukemia

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11
Q

develop from stem cells.

A

Myolocytic leukemia

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12
Q

develops from lymphocyte cells. ★ seen in children

A

Lymphocytic leukemia

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13
Q

Sx:
* Weakness
* SOB
* Heart palpitations
* Tendency to bleed

A

Leukemia

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14
Q

Protective isolation precautions

A

Leukemia

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15
Q
  • Skeletal radiographs in children
    o Transverse radiolucent bands at metaphyseal ends
    o Patchy lytic lesions
    o Cortical erosion
A

Leukemia

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16
Q
  • CXR
    o Enlarged mediastinal/hilar lymph nodes
A

Leukemia

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17
Q

Tx:
* Chemo
* Radiation therapy
* Bone Marrow Transplant
* Antileukemic drugs
★ Stem cell transplant in kids

18
Q

Neoplasms of lymphatic cells of immune system.

A

Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

19
Q

Most common lymphoma w/ worst prognosis

A

Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

20
Q

begins when lymphocyte becomes abnormal

A

Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

21
Q

Sx:
* Enlarged Lymph nodes

A

Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

22
Q
  • MRI/CT – staging mediastinal lymph node enlargement.
A

Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

23
Q

Tx:
Chemo

A

Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

24
Q

Neoplasms of lymphatic cells of immune system.

A

Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

25
begins when a lymphocyte becomes abnormal.
Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
26
Reed-Sternberg cell o 1 cell 2nuclei large. Deciding the type.
Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
27
Sx: * Malaise * Fever * Anorexia * Enlarged lymph nodes
Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
28
* MRI/CT/NM – staging * CXR – mediastinal lymph node enlargement. ★ Inaccurate positioning can sometimes cause misdiagnoses of this.
Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
29
Tx: * Chemo * Radiation Therapy
Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
30
Most common in ages 15-24. Rarely metastasizes. Slowly spreads to other lymph nodes.
Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
31
Rare, inherited disorder of blood coagulation. Have a lifelong tendency of spontaneous hemorrhage & prolonged bleeding.
Hemophilia
32
* Profuse & Prolonged bleeding ★Severe bleeding from minor injuries
Hemophilia
33
* Cartilage destruction * Jt space narrowing (knees, elbows, ankles)
Hemophilia
34
* No cure * Replacement therapy
Hemophilia
35
Missing clotting factor 8. Blood unable to clot.
Hemophilia
36
A severe immune disorder caused by 1 of 2 human immunodeficiency retroviruses (RNA). The retrovirus lowers/ slows the immune response & the individual is prone to opportunistic infections & cancers.
AIDS
37
Sx: o Lymphadenopathy o Malaise o Fever o Jt pain
HIV
38
* Tuberculosis-scarring ★Most common * P. jiroveciipneumonia-localized consolidation * Kaposi’s sarcoma-hilar adenopathy, infiltrates, pleural effusion, lesions/bleeding ulcers throughout body
AIDS
39
Sx: o Chills o Fever o N/V/D o Leukopenia o Anemia o Nervous systems conditions
AIDS
40
* No cure * Treat with antiretroviral meds
AIDS
41
40% get progressive dementia. Slows down immune system.
AIDS

Pathology II (9 decks)

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