hematologic disorders Flashcards
lymphoid hyperplasia may effect
lymph nodes, waldeyer ring or oral lymphoid aggregates
where is waldeyers ring
oropharynx, soft palate, lat tongue, floor or mouth
acute and chronic lymphoid hyperplasia are
movable
tx for lymphoid hyperplasia
no tx
what do you include on your differential with lymphoid hyperplasia
lipoma and lymphoepithelial cyst
most common cause of anemia
iron deficiency
causes of iron dificiency
excessive blood loss, increased demands for RBCs, decreased intake, decreased absorption
oral findings of iron deficient anemia
bald, burning tongue erythema of oral mucosa atrophy of filiform papillae taste alteration angular chelitis
what do you include in your differential with iron deficient anemia
acute erythematous candida
lab findings with iron deficient anemia
reduced hematocrit, serum iron is low
total iron binding capacity elevated
tx for iron deficient anemia
treat underlying cause
supplements
plummer vinson syndrome is characterized by
iron deficient anemia dysphagia esophageal webs koilonychia (spoon shaped fingernails) scc
cause of pernicious anemia
deficiency of b12
what does b12 do in blood
catalyst for DNA synthesis, especially in bone marrow
results in fragile megaloblastic erythrocytes
oral manefestations of pernicious anemia
burning tongue, diffuse thining and erythema of oral mucosa, dorsum of tongue, usually candida
2 systemic factors for mucosal soreness or burning
anemia or nutritional deficiencies
2 local factors for mucosal soreness or burning
candidiasis
t/f. candidiasis is more common for a burning tongue than anemia
true
the radiographic hair on end appearance is characteristic of
sickle cell anemia and thalassemia
sickle cell anemia rbc characteristics
deformed, rigid, sickle shaped
less o2 carrying capacity
marrow hyperplasia is due to
reduced function of rbcs
in sickle cell and thalassemia marrow hyperplasia leads to
a periosteal reaction leading to interspersed trabeculae
leukemias arise where
cells arise in bone marrow and spread to peripheral blood
lymphomas arise where
in lymph nodes and other lymphoid tissue
t/f white blood cells neoplasms are malignant
true
t/f. acute lymphocytic leukemia is predominantly in adults
false, children
clinical signs of leukemia
anemia (fatigue, shortness of breath), leukopenia, throbocytopenia (easy bleeding)
petechiae and pupura
spontaneous and prolonged gingival bleeding
oral manefestations of leukemia
extensive gingival ulceration candidosis herpetic infections (recurrent herpes) gingival enlargement (infiltration of leukemic cells
acute leukemia clinically looks like
gingival ulceration, necrosis, and enlargement
where does hodgkins lymphoma usually begin
lymph nodes
where is the most common presenting site of hodgkins lymphoma
head and neck
most cases of hodgkin lymphoma show enlargement of which nodes
cervical and supraclavicular lymph nodes
reed sternberg cells
malignant cells of hodgkins lymphoma
t/f hodgkin lymphoma can have cervical lymphadenopathy
true
non-hodgkins usually originated from this type of wbc
b cells
t/f burkitts is usually a childrens disease
true
if untreated, burkitts can kill a pt in how many weeks
4-6 weeks
tx for burkitts
intensive chemotherapy
plasmacytoma radiographically presents as
a scooped out bone appearance
multiple myeloma is a malignancy of what type of cells
plasma cells
characteristics of multiple myeloma
bone pain, pathological fractures, fatigue (anemia), fever (neutropenia)
well punched out radiolucent lesions are associated with what disease
multiple myeloma
bence jones proteins
m-protein found in serum or urine of pts with multiple myeloma
eosiniphilic granuloma
langerhans cells disease with one radiolucent area
chronic disseminated histiocytosis
langerhans cells disease with bone lesions, exophthalamus, DI
langerhans has a radiographic appearance of
a scooped out appearance with “teeth floating in the air”
looks like periodontitis with alveolar bone loss
3 types of langerhans cell diseases
eosiniphilic granuloma, chronic and acute disseminated histiocytosis
t/f burkitts lymphoma has the starry sky appearance
true
