Helicobacter

Question 1

Characteristics of H. pylori

Answer 1

gram -, spiral-shaped, motile, non-spore forming, slowly grow

Question 2

Urease

Answer 2

produce ammonia and neutralize the gastric acid–> raise the pH

Question 3

why mobility of H. pylori is important?

Answer 3

mobility of H. pylori allows it to swim to less acidic locale beneath the gastric mucus and then colonize

Question 4

what is the function of VacA?

Answer 4

Vacuolating cytotoxin causes vacuolizatoin of endosomal compartment
it generates multiple large cytoplasmic vacuoles and cause cell death

Question 5

What is the function of Protein CagA?

Answer 5

protein CagA cause reorganization of actin cytoskeleon and stimulation of cytokines

Question 6

how does urease, VacA and CagA affects our body

Answer 6

they trigger prolonged and aggressive inflammation, which causes epithelial cell death and ulcers

Question 7

Treatment

Answer 7

1. proton pump inhibitor (Omepraxole)
2. antibiotics (clarithromycin + amoxicillin/ metronidazole)

Question 8

area affecting and relative symptoms

Answer 8

limit to the mucosa of stamach: burning pain in upper abdomen, nausea, vomitting–> chronic gastritis