HEENT Abnormal Liza

Question 0

abnormal head, scalp, hair

Answer 0

Alopecia
Psoriasis
Tinea capitis

Question 1

dandruff

Answer 1

seborrheic dermatitis

Question 2

fungal infection of scalp
“scalp dematophytosis”
Kerion (raised boggy 2ndarily infected fungal lesion of hair

Answer 2

tinea capitis

Question 3

abnormal face

Answer 3

Acromegaly
Down SYndrome (Trisomy 21)
Bell’s palsy

Question 4

excessive grown hormone

large hands, feet, facial bones

Answer 4

acromegaly

Question 5

idiopathic facial nerve paralysis (CN VII) - can’t close eye
flattened nasolabial fold
oral steroid and or antivial agent

Answer 5

Bell’s palsy

Question 6

strabismus

Answer 6

deviation of eyes form normally conjugate position

1. nonparalytic - imbalance of extraocular muscle tone
2. paralytic - weakness or paralysis of one or more extraocular m’s

Question 7

Bell’s palsy

Answer 7

idiopathic facial nerve paralysis (CN VII) - can’t close eye
flattened nasolabial fold
oral steroid and or antivial agent

Question 8

esotropia

Answer 8

nonparalytic strabismus:

eye moves INWARD

Question 9

exotropia

Answer 9

nonparalytic strabismus

eye moves OUTWARD

Question 10

eye moves inward

Answer 10

esotropia

Question 11

eye moves outward

Answer 11

EXOtropia

Question 12

Left 3rd nerve paralysis (paralytic strabismus)

Answer 12

dilated pupil, fixed to light and near effort?

Ptosis (droopy eye lid) of upper lid, lateral deviation of eye

Question 13

Left 4th nerve paralysis

Answer 13

Left eye can’t look down when turned inward

Question 14

Left 6th nerve paralysis

Answer 14

Lateral Rectus 6
When left eye is affected:
- looking to R: eye are conjugate
- when looking straight ahead, ESOtopia appears: eye remains in medial position
- looking to L: ESOtropia is maximum: affected eye remains in the straight position (instead of lateral)

Question 15

Near reaction

Answer 15

have pt focus on an object appx 10-12 cm away then focus on object >6 feet away
- watch for pupillary constriction with near effort (?), and dilation with distance.

Question 16

Horner’s syndrome

Answer 16

1) Ptosis (droopy eye lid) 2) Miosis (pupil constricts) 3) Anhidrosis (right side) (absent sweating on affected side)

Anisocoria = unequal pupil size >0.5 mm
Normal brisk reactivity
Sympathetic nerve dysfunction

Question 17

Anhidrosis

Answer 17

absent sweating on affected side ???

Question 18

Anisocoria

Answer 18

unequal pupil size

Question 19

Tonic (Adie’s) pupil

Answer 19

• reduced reaction to light, mydriasis (dilation)
• slowed near reaction
• impaired parasympathetic fx

Question 20

Chalazion

Answer 20

Meibomian gland inflammation; points inward?

Question 21

Hordeolum (stye)

Answer 21

Temder, red infection near hair follicle of eyelashes.

Like pimple or boil pointing on eyelid

Question 22

Entropion

Answer 22

Lid inversion

Question 23

Ectropion

Answer 23

Lid eversion

Question 24

Dacryocystitis

Answer 24

lacrimal sac inflammation

Question 25

Pingueculum

Answer 25

Yellow nodule on bulbar conjunctiva (over eye ball), | on either side of the iris

Question 26

Pterygium

Answer 26

Medial sclera - extends from inner canthus to cornea

Question 27

Scleral Icterus

Answer 27

High bilirubin | Jaundiced skin

Question 28

Episcleritis

Answer 28

Engorged, radially oriented vessels and a nodule adjacent to the limbus

Question 29

Uveitis (iritis or iridocyclitis)

Answer 29

Pupil is constricted, irregular and pporly reactive to light Conjunctival hyperemia adjacent to limbus + hypopyon ``` Limbus = junction of sclera and cornea Hypopyon = pus in the anterior chamber, behind cornea but anterior to the iris ```

Question 30

Hyphema

Answer 30

bleeding in anterior chamber

Question 31

corneal abrasion

Answer 31

with fluorescein staining

Question 32

cataract

Answer 32

clouding of the lens of the eye (internet)

Question 33

Which nerve is involved in Horner Syndrome?

Answer 33

Sympathetic n

Question 34

What causes Horner syndrome

Answer 34

Lung cancer

Question 35

Reduced parasympathetic fx causes

Answer 35

Tonic Adie's pupil

Question 36

Which nerve is responsible for gag reflex, swallowing/uvula vs tongue movement?

Answer 36

``` CN IX and X (Glossopharyngeal and Vagus): gag/uvula (say "Ah") CN XII (hypoglossal) : tongue protruding and side to side ```