HEENT

Question 1

Special senses include

Answer 1

smell

taste

vision

hearing

equilibrium

Question 2

General senses include

Answer 2

somatic

visceral senses

Question 3

Somatic senses include

Answer 3

tactile,

thermal

pain

proprioceptive sensations

Question 4

Visceral senses provide

sensations from

Answer 4

internal organs.

Question 5

what Four conditions must be satisfied for a sensation to occur

Answer 5

stimulus

sensory receptor must convert the stimulus to an electrical signal

nerve pathway conducts the information to the brain

brain translates or integrates the nerve impulse into a sensation

Question 6

Perceptions are the conscious awareness and interpretation of sensations. This is primarily a function of the

Answer 6

cerebral cortex.

Question 7

what is the decrease in the strength of a sensation during prolonged exposure
to a stimulus called

Answer 7

Adaptation

Question 8

Receptors can be classified by

Answer 8

their functional characteristics

Question 9

what receptor detect mechanical deformation of adjacent cells

Answer 9

Mechanoreceptors

Question 10

what receptor detect changes in temperature

Answer 10

Thermoreceptors

Question 11

what receptor detect pain

Answer 11

Nociceptors

Question 12

what receptor detect light

Answer 12

Photoreceptors

Question 13

what receptor detect the presence of chemicals in solution

Answer 13

Chemoreceptors

Question 14

what receptor detect the osmotic pressure of fluids

Answer 14

Osmoreceptors

Question 15

what type of sensations arise from stimulation of sensory receptors in the skin, mucous
membranes, muscles, tendons, and joints

Answer 15

Somatic

Question 16

Most tactile sensations receptors are located in the

Answer 16

skin or subcutaneous tissue

Question 17

Most tactile sensations receptors are located in the

Answer 17

skin or subcutaneous tissue

Question 18

Thermal receptors are located in the

Answer 18

epidermis and dermis.

Question 19

Pain receptors are located in virtually all tissues of the body except

Answer 19

the brain

Question 20

Most tactile sensations are detected by mechanoreceptors located in the

Answer 20

Superficial and

deep dermal layers

Question 21

Temperatures between 10 - 40º Celsius (50 - 105ºF) are detected in receptors located in the

Answer 21

epidermis.

Question 22

Temperatures between 32 - 48º Celsius (90 - 118ºF) are detected in receptors located in the

Answer 22

dermis

Question 23

Temperatures below 10ºC (50ºF) and above 48ºC (118ºF) are stimulate what kind of receptors

Answer 23

nociceptors

Question 24

do Nociceptors adapt to pain.

Answer 24

no

Question 25

Pain felt in a surface area far from the stimulated organ is called

Answer 25

referred pain.

Question 26

what kind or receptors are located in the skeletal muscles (muscle spindles), in tendons (tendon
organs), in and around synovial joints (joint kinesthetic receptors), and in the inner ears
(hair cells).

Answer 26

Proprioceptors

Question 27

Olfaction is the sense of

Answer 27

smell

Question 28

The nose contains about 10 million to 100 million receptors located in the olfactory

Answer 28

epithelium

Question 29

what are the three types of cells in the olfactory epithelium

Answer 29

olfactory receptor cells

supporting cells

basal cells.

Question 30

does Adaptation to odors occurs quickly

Answer 30

yes

Question 31

Gustation is the sense of

Answer 31

taste

Question 32

The five primary tastes are

Answer 32

salt

sweet

bitter

sour

umami

Question 33

if one’s ability to smell is impaired, the

ability to do what will be greatly diminished.

Answer 33

taste

Question 34

Taste buds are found in raised bumps on the tongue called

Answer 34

fungiform papillae.

Question 35

both act to protect the eye from foreign objects, perspiration and direct sun rays.

Answer 35

Eyebrows and eyelashes

Question 36

shade the eyes during sleep, protect it from excessive light and spread
lubrication over the eyeballs by blinking

Answer 36

Eyelids

Question 37

group of glands, duct and canals that produce and drain tears in
both eyes.

Answer 37

Lacrimal apparatus

Question 38

how many extrinsic muscles work together to move the eyeball from left to right and up and
down

Answer 38

Six