Heart Sounds/Murmurs

Question 1

Heart Murmurs

Systolic Murmurs

Answer 1

Mitral valve regurgitation:

• Mitral valve doesn’t close properly
• Blood surges back to the left atrium during systole
• Murmur is heard at the begining of systole and carries on during all of systole
• Best hard at mitral region at apex radiating to the left axilla

Tricuspid Valve regurgitation:

• Tricuspid regurg similar but heard at tricuspid area
• Sound radiates up along left sternal border

Aortic Valve Stenosis:

• When aortic valve doesn’t open properly and bloodforced through a narrow opening
• Blood flow starts small and rises to a maximum in mid systole
• Results in crescendo-decrescendo, preceded by ejection click
• Loudest in aortic area
• sound radiates to carotid arteries

Pulmonic Valve Stenosis:

• Same characteristics as above but best heard in pulmonic area
• Does not radiate to the neck

Ventriculat Septal defects/Mitral valve prolapse