Heart Murmurs Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 most important ways to classify heart murmurs? What other ways can they be classified in?

A

Timing (systolic or diastolic), Location, Intensity (Grade), radiation, pitch, shape.

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2
Q

What type of heart disease would you be thinking if you had a left apex systolic murmur?

A

Mitral insufficiency

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3
Q

What type of heart disease would you be thinking if you had a left base systolic murmur?

A

Aortic or pulmonic stenosis

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4
Q

What type of heart disease would you be thinking if you had a right apex systolic murmur?

A

Ventricular septal defect

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5
Q

What type of heart disease would you be thinking if you had a right base systolic murmur?

A

Tricuspid insufficiency or aortic stenosis.

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6
Q

What type of heart disease would you be thinking if you had a left apex diastolic murmur?

A

Mitral stenosis

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7
Q

What type of heart disease would you be thinking if you had a left base diastolic murmur?

A

Aortic or pulmonic insufficiency

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8
Q

What type of heart disease would you be thinking if you had a right base diastolic murmur?

A

Aortic insufficiency or tricuspid stenosis.

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9
Q

What type of heart disease would you be thinking if you had a continuous murmur?

A

Potentially PDA

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10
Q

What is a grade I murmur?

A

Barely audible in ideal conditions.

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11
Q

What is a grade II murmur?

A

Clearly audible at point of maximum intensity, no radiation.

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12
Q

What is a grade III murmur?

A

Clearly audible sound as loud as S1 and S2, may radiate.

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13
Q

What is a grade IV murmur?

A

Louder than S1 and S2.

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14
Q

What is a grade V murmur?

A

Palpable thrill over point of maximum intensity.

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15
Q

What is a grade VI murmur?

A

Audible with stethoscope just off chest

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16
Q

What type of murmurs can you get when classified by shape?

A

Holosystolic/pansystolic (same thing), crescendo-decresendo, diastolic decrescendo, mid-systolic etc.

17
Q

What is a heart murmur?

A

A heart sound associated with turbulent blood flow.

18
Q

How can you differentiate a systolic from a diastolic murmur if you’re struggling when auscultating?

A

A pulse always happens when you can hear a systolic murmur.