Heart + Circulatory System Flashcards
How many chambers does the heart have and what are they?
4 chambers
2 upper (Atria) and 2 lower (Ventricles)
What 3 parts does the Cardiovascular System consist of
Heart
Circulation - blood vessels
Blood
How many times does the heart b/day
100,000 b/day
What is the location and difference between the foreman ovale and the fossa ovalis?
The upper chambers. The foreman ovals exists until the first breath or for the first 24 hours of life.
It then becomes the fossa ovalis.
How many liters of blood does the heart pump per day
3784 Liters of blood
How are the Atria seperated?
The interatrial septum.
How many miles of blood vessels per day
60,000 miles of vessels
Where are the auricles located and what is their purpose?
They are part of and above the Atria and they allow for additional expansion.
How does oxygenated blood operate regarding the heart
O2 is transported through the heart/aorta > into the rest of the body
Where are the pectinate muscles located and what is their function?
It is on the outer surface of the Atria and is used for contraction.
How does deoxygenated blood operate regarding the heart
CO2 travels through the SVC, into the pulmonary trunk, which then is released into the lungs
Heart location
Anterior to vertebral column
Posterior to sternum
1/3 is to the right of midline
2/3 left of midline
Found within the Mediastinum (area between lungs)
Where does the right atria recieve blood from and what kind of blood is it?
From the body and heart wall. The blood is low in O2 and high in Co2.
Heart size
340g=11oz
12-14cm=5in long
Which structures does the right Atria get blood from and where do those structures get that blood from?
Superior Vena Cava (all regions above the axillar (armpit))
Inferior Vena Cava (all regions lower than the axilla (armpit))
Coronary Sinus (from the myocardum)
Where does the Heart sit in the thoracic cavity
Right side:
Rib 2
Base of heart
Left side:
Rib 5-6 intercostal space
Apex of heart - midclavicular line
PMI - point of maximal intensity
Where does the left Atria get its blood, by which structure does that give said blood, and what kind of blood is it?
It receives blood from the lungs, via the pulmonary veins, and the blood is O2 rich and Co2 poor.
What is Cardiomegaly disease
Enlargement of heart - extends beyond parameters
How are the ventricles separated from each and the atria?
Interventricular septum; atrioventricular valves.
Where do the ventricles receive blood from?
The atria.
Where are the papillary muscles found, where are they attached and how, and what is there purpose?
They are located in the ventricles.
They are attached to the valves by chordae tendineae.
They prevent regurgitation (blood backflow into atria)
2 layered Protective coverings of the heart
- Fibrous Pericardium
- Serous Pericardium
Where is trabeculae carneae found and what is its purpose?
It is found at the ends of coordinate tendoneae and is for the strength of contraction of the ventricles wall.
Location and function of the Fibrous Pericardium
Outermost layer of heart
No elasticity
Prevents heart from over filling