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Recreation and Leisure > heart and lungs > Flashcards

heart and lungs Flashcards

1
Q

Sinus node

A
  • bundle of nerve fibers that control the heart rate
  • located inside the right atrium wall
  • causes muscle walls to contract
  • Atria 1st and ventricles 2nd
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2
Q

Arterioles

A

small vessels that branch from the arteries

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3
Q

Capillaries

A
  • tiny vessels that branch from arterioles

- Allows O2 to nutrient exchange, waste and CO2 removal

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4
Q

Venules

A

small branches from veins

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5
Q

Valves

A

blood to and from heart

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6
Q

Red Blood Cells

A

Plasma-transports liquid
platlets- clot forming component
White blood cells-infection fighting cells (leukocyte)
Red blood cells-oxygen carrying cell (erekocyte)

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7
Q

hematocrit

A

percentage of blood made of red blood cells

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8
Q

Hemoglobin

A

protein and iron molecule inside red blood cells that binds up to four O2

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9
Q

Partial pressure of O2

A

Determines haemoglobin-oxygen binding
High (e.g., lungs): O2 binds
Low (e.g., muscle): O2 unbinds

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10
Q

Arteriol-venous oxygen difference

A

Difference between O2 level in blood leaving and returning to the lungs
Measure of O2 being used by the body tissues
Rest: 4-5 ml O2 /decilitre blood
Exercise: 15 ml O2 /decilitre blood

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11
Q

Reticulocytes

A

Immature RBCs
Produced in bone marrow (red marrow of large bones)
Tightly controlled with a hormone erythropoietin (EPO) produced by the kidneys

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12
Q

Transport of CO2

A

tissues
blood
lungs
air

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13
Q

cardiac output

A

Amount of blood pumped by the heart each minute (into the aorta)
Determines O2 volume delivered to tissues

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14
Q

Hematrocit

A

Concentration of red blood cells

Determines amount of O2 per a volume of blood

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15
Q

Heart layers

A

Epicardium-thin protection
mydocardium- thick and muscular layer, pumps blood
Endocardium -lines heart chambers and allows smooth blood flow

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16
Q

Ventricles

A

pump blood into body

17
Q

Right ventricle

A

deoxynegated blood to longs via pulmonary artery

18
Q

left ventricle

A

oxygenated blood to body via aorta

19
Q

Atria

A

pumps blood into ventricles

20
Q

Right atrium

A

deoxygenated from body via superior and inferior vena cavas

21
Q

Left atrium

A

oxygenated blood from lungs via pulmonary vein

22
Q

Semilunar valves

A

open when venricles contract to direct blood flow into arteries

23
Q

Pulmonary valve

A

right ventricle to pulmonary artery

24
Q

Aortic Valve

A

left ventricle to aorta

25
Q

Atroventricular valve

A

Open when atria contract to direct blood flow into ventricles

26
Q

Bicupsid valve

A

left atrium to left ventricle

27
Q

Tricupaid valve

A

right atrium to right ventricle

Recreation and Leisure (10 decks)

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