Anatomy 2 Flashcards
Ribs
1-7 true ribs
8-10 false ribs
11-12 floating
-made up of bone and costal cartilage
Sternum
manubrium
sternal body
xiphoid process
Head movement
C1-axis
C2-atlas
Function:allows the head to move
Sternocleidomastoids
originates from sternum and clavicle
inserts on the temporal bone
Allows: to flex head forward
erector spinae
sacrum to skull
Maintain head up, head falls down when unconscious
Abdominal muscles
Trilaminar: 3 layers on top of eachother
Attach: Posteriorly: vertebral column, ribs, and hip bone
Anterior: Linea Alba
-important for lower back support
Clavicle
rotates with sternum and scapula
Pectoralis Major
- Clavicular head: flexes and rotates the shoulder joint
2. Sternal Head: extends from flexed position and rotates shoulder joint
Pectoralis Minor
Corocoid process of the scapula
- ribs 3-5
- depresses and stabilizes scapula
Serratus interior
-steadies and holds scapula forward against chest wall
Actions: butterfly stroke
Trapizeous
upper fibres: skull to scapula, elevate scapula, and shrugging shoulders
middle/transverse fibers: ligamentum nuchae of cervical vertebrae to scapula, retract scapula
Lower fibres: C7-T12 to scapula
-depress the scapula
Subscapularis
- from axillary border of scapula
- to less turbecle of humerus
- adducts and medially rotates upper limb
flexors
anterior
extensors
posterior
Bicep Brachii
- scapula to radial tuberosity
- elbow flexor and forearm supinator
Brachialis
from anterior surface of humerus to ulnas coronoid process and ulnar tuberosity
-elbow flexor along with biceps
Tricep brachii
Lateral head: from humerus posterior shaft
Long head: scapulas inferior glenoid tubercle
- all insert on ulna
- elbow extensor
glenohumeral
humerous head and glenoid fossa
Os coxae
paired hip bone, ilium, pubis, ishchiam
acetabulum
cup-shaped groove for femur head
gluteous maximus
- from ilium and sacrum to femur through iliotibial band
- hip extensor
- knee stabikizer in full extension
gluteous minimus and medius
- from ilium to greater trochanter, lie deep and lateral to maximus
- hip abductors
Sacroiliac
- fibrous and synovial
- unites sacrum to ilium bones
- stabilizes ligaments to sacrum
Pubic Symphysis
- fibrocartilageous
- unites 2 pubic bones
- can become more elastic for birth
Patella
-seasamoid bone
medial malleolus
distal tibia end
Lateral malleous
fibula end
Tibialis anterior
- major anterior muscle
- foot invertor
fibularis longus
- lateral fibula surface
- to lateral foot surface
- cross behind ankle
fibularis brevis
- ankle plantar flexors
- foot everters
- allows to adapt to uneven ground when running
Iliofemoral/actetabulofemoral joints (hip)
between femur head and hip bone
- flex/extension, adduct/abduct, circumduction
- most stable synovial joint, very strong
Knee
structural support
fibrocalastic discs
intrinsic/extrinsic ligaments
surrounding musculature
Talocural Joint (ankle)
-tibia and fibula, calcaneous
Dorsiflexion- moat stable position
Plantarflexion-least stable position
