Heart and CVS Flashcards
The function of cardiovascular system ?
- Mass flow system to transport (Hormones)
- temperature regulation
Function of the heart ?
- Large blood supply
- Atria and ventricle on each side separated by a central septum
- Unidirectional flow results from one-way valves
What does sinoatrial node(SAN) do ?
initiating electrical impulses to stimulate contraction
What are the 3 layers of the heart wall ?
Epicardium
Myocardium
Endocardium
Why is myocardium important ?
Possess many mitochondria and myoglobin to produce ATP
What is a sarcomeres ?
it’s a muscle fiber that is composed of two main protein filaments actin and myosin filaments
What are blood vessels ?
channels that carry blood throughout the body.
3 different types of blood vessels ?
Arteries
Veins
Capillaries
The function of arteries ?
thick elastic and smooth muscle walls to maintain blood pressure around the body
The function of veins ?
Veins have low resistance and one way valves.
The function of capillaries ?
-Exchange of materials in capillary beds
- endothelial layer on the basement membrane
- Large surface area and thin diffusion barrier
What does elastic recoil in arteries do ?
maintains blood pressure and movement of blood
How does blood flow occur ?
One-way valves prevent backflow
After systole the elastic walls of the chambers recoil drawing blood in from the veins
How is blood flow controlled ?
Regulation of blood pressure by vasoconstriction and vasodilation signalling to smooth muscle within vessel walls
What is vasoconstriction ?
the narrowing of blood vessels by small muscles in their walls.
