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A&P > Heart > Flashcards

Heart Flashcards

1
Q 
Blood returning to the heart from the
systemic circuit first enters the
A.	right atrium.
B.	right ventricle.
C.	left atrium.
D.	left ventricle.
E.	conus arteriosus.
A

A. right atrium.

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2
Q

Cardiac muscle cells and skeletal muscle cells
are different in a few ways. Which of the
following is not true?
A. Cardiac muscle cells are smaller in size.
B. Cardiac muscle cells have a single, centered nucleus.
C. Skeletal muscle cells do not have branching
interconnections between cells.
D. Skeletal muscle cells do not have intercalated discs.
E. Skeletal muscle cells have only one nucleus.

A

E. Skeletal muscle cells have only one nucleus.

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3
Q 
The atrioventricular valves permit blood
flow
A.	in one direction only.
B.	in several directions.
C.	in any direction.
D.	both A and C
E.	none of the above
A

A. in one direction only.

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4
Q 
Cardiac muscle cells are
A.	anaerobic.
B.	aerobic.
C.	non–oxygen needing.
D.	both A and B
E.	both A and C
A

B. aerobic.

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5
Q 
The left and right pulmonary veins carry
blood to the
A.	heart.
B.	lungs.
C.	brain.
D.	intestines.
E.	liver.
A

A. heart.

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6
Q 
The first heart sound is heard when the
A.	AV valves open.
B.	AV valves close.
C.	semilunar valves close.
D.	atria contract.
E.	blood enters the aorta.
A

B. AV valves close.

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7
Q 
Blood returning to the heart from the
pulmonary circuit first enters the
A.	right atrium.
B.	right ventricle.
C.	left atrium.
D.	left ventricle.
E.	conus arteriosus.
A

C. left atrium.

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8
Q 
The veins that supply the muscle walls of the
heart dump non-oxygenated blood into the
coronary sinus, which opens up into the
A.	left atrium.
B.	left ventricle.
C.	right atrium.
D.	right ventricle.
E.	pulmonary trunk.
A

C. right atrium.

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9
Q 
There are \_\_\_\_\_ pulmonary veins.
A.	2
B.	4
C.	6
D.	8
E.	none of the above
A

B. 4

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10
Q 
The heart wall is composed of \_\_\_\_\_
layers of tissue.
A.	2
B.	3
C.	4
D.	5
E.	6
A

B. 3

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11
Q

During the isovolumetric phase of
ventricular systole, the
A. atria are contracting and the ventricles are
relaxing.
B. atrioventricular valves and semilunar valves
are closed.
C. blood is ejected into the great vessels.
D. all of the above
E. B and C only

A

B. atrioventricular valves and semilunar

valves are closed.

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12
Q 
The expandable extension of the atrium is
the
A.	ventricle.
B.	coronary sinus.
C.	coronary sulcus.
D.	auricle.
E.	interatrial septum.
A

D. auricle.

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13
Q 
Damage to the chordae tendinae in the left
ventricle may result in
A.	mitral regurgitation.
B.	mitral valve prolapse.
C.	bicuspid regurgitation.
D.	bicuspid prolapse.
E.	all of the above
A

E. all of the above

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14
Q 
When the semilunar valves close, the AV
valves \_\_\_\_\_.
A.	close
B.	open
C.	make a distinct heart sound
D.	none of the above
E.	both A and C
A

B. open

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15
Q 
The myocardium is primarily composed of
\_\_\_\_\_ tissue.
A.	elastic
B.	fibrous connective
C.	epithelial
D.	cardiac muscle
E.	smooth muscle
A

D. cardiac muscle

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16
Q

The coronary sulcus is a groove that
A. marks the border between the atria and ventricles.
B. marks the boundary line between the right and left
ventricles.
C. marks the boundary line between the right and left
atria.
D. separates the atrioventricular valves from the atria.
E. separates the coronary arteries from the coronary
veins.

A

A. marks the border between the atria and ventricles.

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17
Q

During the cardiac cycle, the
A. P wave of the ECG occurs between the first
and second heart sounds.
B. QRS complex of the ECG precedes the
increase in ventricular pressure.
C. third heart sound occurs during atrial systole.
D. second heart sound coincides with the QRS
complex of the ECG.
E. both A and C

A

B. QRS complex of the ECG precedes the

increase in ventricular pressure.

18
Q 
The \_\_\_\_\_ deliver(s) blood to the
myocardium.
A.	right coronary artery
B.	right coronary vein
C.	superior vena cava
D.	left coronary artery
E.	both A and D
A

E. both A and D

19
Q 
The \_\_\_\_\_ ventricle has a greater
workload than the \_\_\_\_\_.
A.	left; right ventricle
B.	right; left ventricle
C.	right; systemic circulation
D.	both A and C
E.	none of the above
A

A. left; right ventricle

20
Q

The pectinate muscles are
A. prominent muscular ridges in the walls of the
ventricles.
B. prominent muscular ridges that run along the
surface of the auricles.
C. muscles that support the atrioventricular
valves.
D. muscles that close the semilunar valves.
E. muscles that anchor the chordae tendinae.

A

B. prominent muscular ridges that run along

the surface of the auricles.

21
Q 
The first blood vessels to branch from the
aorta are the \_\_\_\_\_ arteries.
A.	pulmonary
B.	coronary
C.	circumflex
D.	carotid
E.	subclavian
A

B. coronary

22
Q 
The volume of blood ejected from each
ventricle during a contraction is called the
A.	end-diastolic volume.
B.	end-systolic volume.
C.	stroke volume.
D.	cardiac output.
E.	cardiac reserve.
A

C. stroke volume.

23
Q

The connective-tissue fibers
A. add strength and prevent overexpansion of the
heart.
B. help distribute the forces of contraction.
C. provide elasticity to help return the heart to its
normal size.
D. provide physical support for cardiac muscle.
E. all of the above

A

E. all of the above

24
Q 
Blood is supplied to the left atrium via the
A.	superior vena cava.
B.	right coronary artery.
C.	left coronary artery.
D.	pulmonary veins.
E.	pulmonary arteries.
A

D. pulmonary veins.

25
``` The cusps of atrioventricular valves are attached to papillary muscles by the A. pectinate muscles. B. trabeculae carneae. C. chordae tendineae. D. interatrial septa. E. coronary sulci. ```
C. chordae tendineae.
26
``` One of the first symptoms of coronary artery disease is A. angina. B. chest pain. C. difficulty breathing. D. increased pulse. E. both A and B ```
E. both A and B
27
``` The marginal branch and posterior interventricular branch are branches of the A. right coronary artery. B. left coronary artery. C. circumflex artery. D. coronary sinus. E. aorta. ```
A. right coronary artery.
28
Each of the following factors will increase cardiac output, except A. increased venous return. B. increased parasympathetic stimulation. C. increased sympathetic stimulation. D. increased heart rate. E. both B and D
B. increased parasympathetic stimulation.
29
``` A heartbeat lasts A. three seconds. B. 370 msec. C. five seconds. D. 100 msec. E. none of the above ```
B. 370 msec.
30
Contractions of the papillary muscles A. close the atrioventricular valves. B. close the semilunar valves. C. eject blood from the ventricles. D. prevent the atrioventricular valves from reversing into the atria. E. eject blood from the atria into the ventricles.
D. prevent the atrioventricular valves from | reversing into the atria.
31
``` Most of the cells of the conducting system are _____ than the contractile cells of the myocardium and contain _____ myofibrils. A. larger; several B. smaller; few C. smaller; many D. larger; few E. none of the above ```
B. smaller; few
32
``` The circumflex branch and the anterior descending artery are branches of the A. right coronary artery. B. left coronary artery. C. interventricular artery. D. coronary sinus. E. aorta. ```
B. left coronary artery.
33
``` The SA node is known as the A. conduction system. B. cardiac pacemaker. C. natural pacemaker. D. both A and C E. both B and C ```
E. both B and C
34
According to Starling’s “law of the heart,” the cardiac output is directly related to the A. size of the ventricle. B. heart rate. C. venous return. D. thickness of the myocardium. E. end-systolic volume.
C. venous return.
35
``` The visceral pericardium is the same as the A. mediastinum. B. parietal pericardium. C. epicardium. D. myocardium. E. endocardium. ```
C. epicardium.
36
``` If an action potential is initiated in the AV node, you would expect the heartbeat to be _____ beats per minute. A. 20–40 B. 40–60 C. 60–100 D. 100–140 E. 140–180 ```
B. 40–60
37
``` _____ is to slow heart rate as _____ is to fast heart rate. A. Tachycardia; bradycardia B. Bradycardia; cardiomyopathy C. Bradycardia; tachycardia D. Cardiac tamponade; bradycardia E. none of the above ```
C. Bradycardia; tachycardia
38
``` The great and middle cardiac veins drain blood into the A. superior vena cava. B. inferior vena cava. C. coronary sinus. D. coronary sulcus. E. aorta. ```
C. coronary sinus.
39
Each of the following conditions would increase heart rate, except A. increased sympathetic stimulation of nodal fibers. B. increased parasympathetic stimulation of nodal fibers. C. increased levels of epinephrine in the interstitial fluid surrounding the myocardium. D. increased permeability of the myocardial membrane to sodium ion. E. activation of cAMP in heart muscle.
B. increased parasympathetic stimulation of nodal | fibers.
40
``` A function of the pericardium includes A. preventing expansion of the heart. B. pumping blood into circulation. C. removing excess fluid from the heart chambers. D. anchoring the heart to surrounding structures. E. both A and D ```
D. anchoring the heart to surrounding | structures.

A&P (34 decks)

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