Heart Flashcards

1
Q

An ___ apex beat suggests pressure overload and hypertrophy of the left ventricle

A

Exaggerated

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2
Q

A ___ apex beat suggests volume overload and dilation of the left ventricle

A

Displaced

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3
Q

The sternal angle is also known as:

A

Angle of Louis

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4
Q

The carotid artery has __ pulsation(s) per cardiac cycle

A

One

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5
Q

A paradoxical rise in Jugular Venous Pressure (JVP) on inspiration (usually it lowers)

A

Kussmaul Sign

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6
Q

What is a late and weak pulse called?

A

Pulsus Tardus

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7
Q

Name of a high pulse pressure, such as w/aortic regurgitation

A

Water-hammer pulse

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8
Q

The most lateral pulsation of the chest that can be PALPATED

A

Apical Impulse

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9
Q

When auscultating the heart, the S1 will be a ___ sound, while S2 will be a ___ sound

A

Lubb, dub

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10
Q

When listening to the heart with a stethoscope, the gap from S1 to S2 sounds indicate the ___ portion of the cardiac cycle, while the gap between S2 to S1 indicates the ___ portion

A

Systole, diastole

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11
Q

The S1 (or Lubb) sound indicates closure of what valves?

A

Tricuspid, mitral

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12
Q

The S2 (or Dub) sound indicates closure of what valves?

A

Aortic, pulmonary (semilunar valves)

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13
Q

Which heart sound is higher pitched? S1 or S2?

A

S2

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14
Q

S2 physiologic splitting is best heard at what valve/area?

A

Pulmonic

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15
Q

When more venous blood is “sucked” into the right ventricle during inspiration, it takes a little longer to empty, and therefore the pulmonary valve closes a little later than usual (than the aortic). This produces 2 sounds. This is called?

A

Physiological splitting of S2

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16
Q

A harsh sound produced from turbulent flow in the heart, usually from bad valves is called:

A

Heart murmur

17
Q

Recurrent attacks of tachycardia with abrupt onset and often also abrupt termination

A

Paroxysmal tachycardia

18
Q

Often the earliest and most common symptom of cardiac dysfunction

19
Q

Chest pain or pressure, usually due to not enough blood flow to the heart muscle (myocardial ischemia)

A

Angina pectoris

20
Q

The pain from angina pectoris (abrupt, significant chest pain/pressure) could radiate to the neck, jaw, and __ arm

21
Q

A person with a fist clenched over the precordium is showing ___ sign

22
Q

Widespread swelling of the skin. Extreme, generalized edema. Major edema

23
Q

Decreased heart rate and force of contraction causing the person to faint (Vagal faint) is also called:

A

Vasovagal Syncope

24
Q

Death of an area of the heart muscle usually as a result of occlusion of one or more coronary arteries.

A

Myocardial Infarction

25
Pulmonary Heart Disease relates to ___ sided hypertensive heart disease and is due to an increase in lung resistance to blood flow (COPD, Cystic Fibrosis)
Right
26
Pathological narrowing of the aortic valve, which obstructs blood from the left ventricle to the ascending aorta.
Aortic stenosis
27
What heart problem is associated with a "LubPewww" sound?
Aortic regurgitation
28
Mitral stenosis (pathological narrowing of the mitral valve) can develop 5-10 years after ____ fever, OR it could be congenital.
Rhuematic
29
"Blowing" of mitral valve leaflets into left atrium during systole
Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP)
30
A holosystolic (pansystolic) murmur heard best at the apex is associated with what?
Mitral insufficiency
31
A loud S1 followed by a diastolic murmur is associated with what?
Mitral stenosis
32
A late systolic ejection murmur w/a crescendo-decrescendo shape is associated with what?
Aortic Stenosis
33
A Hepatojugular reflux suggests ___ heart failure
Right
34
A "midsystolic click" is associated with what?
Mitral valve prolapse (MVP)
35
Inflammation of the pericardium
Pericarditis
36
Muffled heart sounds and precordial friction rubs can be a sign of?
Pericarditis
37
Compression of the heart due to critically increased volume of fluid in the pericardium
Acute pericardial Tamponade
38
An infection of the heart's inner lining (endocardium), usually involving the heart valves.
Endocarditis
39
A fever following infection of the throat with group A streptococci. Occurring primarily in children and young adults. Associated w/acute cardiac failure and endocarditis.
Rheumatic Fever