General Principles

Question 1

Primary goal for patient positioning and dress? Secondary?

Answer 1

Primary - getting the information necessary to make accurate clinical decisions
Secondary - patient modesty and comfort

Question 2

List the exam flow and order (5)

Answer 2

Inspection
Palpation 
Percussion
Auscultation
Special Test

Question 3

Skinny or thin

Answer 3

Gaunt

Question 4

Weakness and wasting of the body due to severe chronic illness

Answer 4

Cachexia (cachectic)

Question 5

Pale and giving the impression of illness or exhaustion

Answer 5

Wan

Question 6

Sweating heavily

Answer 6

Diaphoretic

Question 7

Reacting with a slight involuntary grimace or shrinking movement of the body

Answer 7

Wincing

Question 8

Red and hot, typically as the result of illness or strong emotion

Answer 8

Flushed

Question 9

Counteracting or avoiding pain, as a posture or gait assumed so as to lessen pain

Answer 9

Antalgic

Question 10

Difficult or labored breathing. Shortness of breath

Answer 10

Dyspneic

Question 11

Fat, obese, overweight, etc.

Answer 11

Corpulent

Question 12

A person is 100 pounds over their ideal body weight, has a BMI of 40 or more, or 35 or more and experiencing obesity-related health conditions (high BP, Diabetes)

Answer 12

Morbidly obese

Question 13

Sleepy, drowsy, groggy, etc.

Answer 13

Somnolent

Question 14

Growth spurt age for males/females? (Average)

Answer 14

12-female

14-male

Question 15

Give BMI ranges

Answer 15

<18.5 = underweight
18.5-24.9 = normal
25-29.9 = overweight
>30 = obese

Question 16

Calculated by dividing your waist size by your height. What is “healthy”?

Answer 16

Waist Height Ratio

<50% = healthy

Question 17

If someone has trunk girdle obesity (endogenous) what should be sought?

Answer 17

Metabolic or endocrine causes (classic example = Cushing’s syndrome: hyperadrenal cortex secretion)

Question 18

Hyperthyroidism will cause weight loss or gain?

Answer 18

Weight loss

Question 19

Dropping eyelids

Answer 19

Ptosis

Question 20

Hair dry, coarse, sparse. Lateral eyebrows thin. Periorbital edema (below eyes). Puffy, dull face w/dry skin

Answer 20

Myxedema

Question 21

Periorbital edema, puffy pale face, lips may be swollen.

Answer 21

Nephrotic syndrome

Question 22

Unwanted male-pattern hair growth on a woman’s face, chest and back

Answer 22

Hirsutism

Question 23

Red cheeks, hirsutism (male-pattern hair growth), moon face. Truncal obesity w/striae. Buffalo hump. Normal sized extremities

Answer 23

Cushing’s syndrome

Question 24

Prominent brow and jaw. Tissues of nose, ears, lips enlarged.

Answer 24

Acromegaly

Question 25

Relating to illness caused by medical examination or treatment

Answer 25

Iatrogenic

Question 26

Cushing’s syndrome is due to excess ____

Answer 26

Cortisol

Question 27

Ammonia smell (from breath)

Answer 27

Fetor hepaticas

Question 28

Sweet smell (from breath)

Answer 28

Ketones - diabetes

Question 29

Pupil asymmetry

Answer 29

Anisocoria

Question 30

Nonconjugate gaze (misaligned eyes)

Answer 30

Strabismus

Question 31

Lazy eye (one eye is normal, one blurred, brain recognizes normal only)

Answer 31

Amblyopia

Question 32

Bell’s palsy is related to CN __. It affects how much of the face?

Answer 32

VII (facial), 1/2 face

Question 33

Stroke affects how much of the face?

Answer 33

1/4 (lower)

Question 34

Hearing loss is associated with CN __

Answer 34

VIII

Question 35

Speech irregularities (dysarthria) are associated with what cranial nerves?

Answer 35

IX, X, XII

Question 36

For sexual maturity ratings, ___ charts are used

Answer 36

Tanner’s

Question 37

Striking through an object would be known as ___ percussion

Answer 37

Mediate (mediated)

Question 38

Striking directly on the patient would be ____ percussion

Answer 38

Immediate (direct)

Question 39

When percussing, always listen from ___ to ____ to find borders

Answer 39

Resonance to dullness