General Principles Flashcards
Primary goal for patient positioning and dress? Secondary?
Primary - getting the information necessary to make accurate clinical decisions
Secondary - patient modesty and comfort
List the exam flow and order (5)
Inspection Palpation Percussion Auscultation Special Test
Skinny or thin
Gaunt
Weakness and wasting of the body due to severe chronic illness
Cachexia (cachectic)
Pale and giving the impression of illness or exhaustion
Wan
Sweating heavily
Diaphoretic
Reacting with a slight involuntary grimace or shrinking movement of the body
Wincing
Red and hot, typically as the result of illness or strong emotion
Flushed
Counteracting or avoiding pain, as a posture or gait assumed so as to lessen pain
Antalgic
Difficult or labored breathing. Shortness of breath
Dyspneic
Fat, obese, overweight, etc.
Corpulent
A person is 100 pounds over their ideal body weight, has a BMI of 40 or more, or 35 or more and experiencing obesity-related health conditions (high BP, Diabetes)
Morbidly obese
Sleepy, drowsy, groggy, etc.
Somnolent
Growth spurt age for males/females? (Average)
12-female
14-male
Give BMI ranges
<18.5 = underweight 18.5-24.9 = normal 25-29.9 = overweight >30 = obese
Calculated by dividing your waist size by your height. What is “healthy”?
Waist Height Ratio
<50% = healthy
If someone has trunk girdle obesity (endogenous) what should be sought?
Metabolic or endocrine causes (classic example = Cushing’s syndrome: hyperadrenal cortex secretion)
Hyperthyroidism will cause weight loss or gain?
Weight loss
Dropping eyelids
Ptosis
Hair dry, coarse, sparse. Lateral eyebrows thin. Periorbital edema (below eyes). Puffy, dull face w/dry skin
Myxedema
Periorbital edema, puffy pale face, lips may be swollen.
Nephrotic syndrome
Unwanted male-pattern hair growth on a woman’s face, chest and back
Hirsutism
Red cheeks, hirsutism (male-pattern hair growth), moon face. Truncal obesity w/striae. Buffalo hump. Normal sized extremities
Cushing’s syndrome
Prominent brow and jaw. Tissues of nose, ears, lips enlarged.
Acromegaly