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PDx > Eye > Flashcards

Eye Flashcards

1
Q

What cranial nerve innervates the superior/medial/inferior rectus muscles and the inferior oblique?

A

CN III (Oculomotor)

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2
Q

Which cranial nerve innervates the lateral rectus muscle of the eye?

A

CN VI (Abducens)

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3
Q

The superior oblique muscle (of the eye) is innervated by CN __

A

IV (Trochlear)

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4
Q

Pupillary CONSTRICTION is sympathetic/Parasympathetic from CN __

A

Parasympathetic, CN III

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5
Q

Pupillary DILATION is sympathetic/parasympathetic? Where does this nerve arise?

A

Sympathetic, T1 and T2

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6
Q

Unequal pupils

A

Anisocoria

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7
Q

A collection of symptoms that include eye fatigue, weakness, pain, headache, dim vision, lacrimation. Caused by prolonged periods of intense focusing

A

Asthenopia

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8
Q

Double vision

A

Diplopia

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9
Q

Abnormal elevation of the eyelid, white sclera shows above the iris. Hyperthyroidism is classic cause

A

Stare

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10
Q

A strong dislike of light

A

Photophobia

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11
Q

Drooping of the eyelid

A

Ptosis

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12
Q

Misalignment of the eye (Ex: one eye is abducted)

A

Strabismus (Exotropia)

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13
Q

Similar to strabismus, but is not overtly apparent. May be unmasked by the cover/uncover test

A

Phoria

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14
Q

An accumulation of normal cellular byproducts and debris. Small yellow or white deposits on the retina around the macula

A

Drusen bodies

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15
Q

Lipid residue, “Yellow flecks” inside eye. Most common cause is diabetes.

A

Hard exudate

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16
Q

___ cards test color vision

A

Ishihara

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17
Q

Nearsightedness (inability to focus on distant objects)

A

Myopia

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18
Q

Farsightedness (inability to focus on near objects)

A

Hyperopia

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19
Q

Variations of the corneal curvature in which all portions of the visual field are not in focus at one time

A

Astigmatism

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20
Q

Difficulty seeing in dim light. Cannot focus on small print. Decreased elasticity of lens due to aging

A

Presbyopia

21
Q

Partial loss of vision. A “field cut” or island of loss (blind spot). Might go unnoticed by patient

A

Scotoma

22
Q

Constricted pupil

A

Miosis

23
Q

Dry skin due to lack of sweating

A

Anhidrosis

24
Q

____ syndrome results from sympathetic nerve interruption to the head. Includes ptosis, miosis, anhidrosis

A

Horner

25
Q

Eyelid turns OUT. Tarsal plate everts due to laxity

A

Ectropion

26
Q

Eyelid turns IN

A

Entropion

27
Q

A group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve. Usually caused by an abnormally high pressure in the eye

A

Glaucoma

28
Q

Inflammation of the iris and ciliary body

A

Anterior uveitis (Iritis)

29
Q

Inflammation of the choroid, retina, optic disc. Rare, must refer!

A

Posterior uveitis (Choroiditis)

30
Q

The two types of glaucoma? Which is most common?

A

Open angle (most common), closed angle

31
Q

____ drains aqueous humor from the eye

A

Canal of Schlemm

32
Q

Measuring intraocular pressure. “Little puff of air”

A

Tonometry

33
Q

Lazy eye. Starts in childhood in which vision has not developed properly in one eye

A

Amblyopia

34
Q

Flashes of bright light

A

Photopsia

35
Q

Sudden appearance of “floaters”, photopsia, followed by “curtain of darkness”, loss of red reflex.

A

Retinal detachment

36
Q

Damage to the blood vessels in the retina –a complication of uncontrolled diabetes

A

Diabetic retinopathy

37
Q

There are two different types of this eye disease, wet and dry. It is age related.

A

Age related macular degeneration (AMD)

38
Q

This is the most common form of AMD. It is deterioration of the macula due to genetics, age. (90% of cases)

A

Dry

39
Q

Clouding of the lens

A

Cataracts

40
Q

Peripheral milk white corneal deposits, often seen in the elderly

A

Arcus senilis

41
Q

Golden brown deposits of copper in the cornea

A

Kayser-Fleischer ring

42
Q

This condition is marked by a NON reaction to light, but a reaction to accommodation. CNS syphilis is the classic cause

A

Argyll Robertson Pupil

43
Q

Night blindness may signify Vitamin _ deficiency

A

A

44
Q

Conjunctivitis is commonly called _____

A

Pink eye

45
Q

Petechial Hemorrhages (small punctuate hemorrhages seen on the palpebral conjunctiva) is classically caused by bacterial _____

A

Endocarditis

46
Q

Inflammation of the sclera with dilated sclera vessels

A

Episcleritis

47
Q

Swelling and inflammation along the eyelid and eyelash follicles. Caused by infected or blocked oil glands

A

Blepharitis

48
Q

An infection of one of the glands along the eyelashes. Painful, hot, swollen, commonly called a “sty”

A

Hordeolum

49
Q

A cyst or fibrotic reaction in a Meibomian gland

A

Chalazion

PDx (17 decks)

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