Eye

Question 1

What cranial nerve innervates the superior/medial/inferior rectus muscles and the inferior oblique?

Answer 1

CN III (Oculomotor)

Question 2

Which cranial nerve innervates the lateral rectus muscle of the eye?

Answer 2

CN VI (Abducens)

Question 3

The superior oblique muscle (of the eye) is innervated by CN __

Answer 3

IV (Trochlear)

Question 4

Pupillary CONSTRICTION is sympathetic/Parasympathetic from CN __

Answer 4

Parasympathetic, CN III

Question 5

Pupillary DILATION is sympathetic/parasympathetic? Where does this nerve arise?

Answer 5

Sympathetic, T1 and T2

Question 6

Unequal pupils

Answer 6

Anisocoria

Question 7

A collection of symptoms that include eye fatigue, weakness, pain, headache, dim vision, lacrimation. Caused by prolonged periods of intense focusing

Answer 7

Asthenopia

Question 8

Double vision

Answer 8

Diplopia

Question 9

Abnormal elevation of the eyelid, white sclera shows above the iris. Hyperthyroidism is classic cause

Answer 9

Stare

Question 10

A strong dislike of light

Answer 10

Photophobia

Question 11

Drooping of the eyelid

Answer 11

Ptosis

Question 12

Misalignment of the eye (Ex: one eye is abducted)

Answer 12

Strabismus (Exotropia)

Question 13

Similar to strabismus, but is not overtly apparent. May be unmasked by the cover/uncover test

Answer 13

Phoria

Question 14

An accumulation of normal cellular byproducts and debris. Small yellow or white deposits on the retina around the macula

Answer 14

Drusen bodies

Question 15

Lipid residue, “Yellow flecks” inside eye. Most common cause is diabetes.

Answer 15

Hard exudate

Question 16

___ cards test color vision

Answer 16

Ishihara

Question 17

Nearsightedness (inability to focus on distant objects)

Answer 17

Myopia

Question 18

Farsightedness (inability to focus on near objects)

Answer 18

Hyperopia

Question 19

Variations of the corneal curvature in which all portions of the visual field are not in focus at one time

Answer 19

Astigmatism

Question 20

Difficulty seeing in dim light. Cannot focus on small print. Decreased elasticity of lens due to aging

Answer 20

Presbyopia

Question 21

Partial loss of vision. A “field cut” or island of loss (blind spot). Might go unnoticed by patient

Answer 21

Scotoma

Question 22

Constricted pupil

Answer 22

Miosis

Question 23

Dry skin due to lack of sweating

Answer 23

Anhidrosis

Question 24

____ syndrome results from sympathetic nerve interruption to the head. Includes ptosis, miosis, anhidrosis

Answer 24

Horner

Question 25

Eyelid turns OUT. Tarsal plate everts due to laxity

Answer 25

Ectropion

Question 26

Eyelid turns IN

Answer 26

Entropion

Question 27

A group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve. Usually caused by an abnormally high pressure in the eye

Answer 27

Glaucoma

Question 28

Inflammation of the iris and ciliary body

Answer 28

Anterior uveitis (Iritis)

Question 29

Inflammation of the choroid, retina, optic disc. Rare, must refer!

Answer 29

Posterior uveitis (Choroiditis)

Question 30

The two types of glaucoma? Which is most common?

Answer 30

Open angle (most common), closed angle

Question 31

____ drains aqueous humor from the eye

Answer 31

Canal of Schlemm

Question 32

Measuring intraocular pressure. "Little puff of air"

Answer 32

Tonometry

Question 33

Lazy eye. Starts in childhood in which vision has not developed properly in one eye

Answer 33

Amblyopia

Question 34

Flashes of bright light

Answer 34

Photopsia

Question 35

Sudden appearance of "floaters", photopsia, followed by "curtain of darkness", loss of red reflex.

Answer 35

Retinal detachment

Question 36

Damage to the blood vessels in the retina --a complication of uncontrolled diabetes

Answer 36

Diabetic retinopathy

Question 37

There are two different types of this eye disease, wet and dry. It is age related.

Answer 37

Age related macular degeneration (AMD)

Question 38

This is the most common form of AMD. It is deterioration of the macula due to genetics, age. (90% of cases)

Answer 38

Dry

Question 39

Clouding of the lens

Answer 39

Cataracts

Question 40

Peripheral milk white corneal deposits, often seen in the elderly

Answer 40

Arcus senilis

Question 41

Golden brown deposits of copper in the cornea

Answer 41

Kayser-Fleischer ring

Question 42

This condition is marked by a NON reaction to light, but a reaction to accommodation. CNS syphilis is the classic cause

Answer 42

Argyll Robertson Pupil

Question 43

Night blindness may signify Vitamin _ deficiency

Answer 43

A

Question 44

Conjunctivitis is commonly called _____

Answer 44

Pink eye

Question 45

Petechial Hemorrhages (small punctuate hemorrhages seen on the palpebral conjunctiva) is classically caused by bacterial _____

Answer 45

Endocarditis

Question 46

Inflammation of the sclera with dilated sclera vessels

Answer 46

Episcleritis

Question 47

Swelling and inflammation along the eyelid and eyelash follicles. Caused by infected or blocked oil glands

Answer 47

Blepharitis

Question 48

An infection of one of the glands along the eyelashes. Painful, hot, swollen, commonly called a "sty"

Answer 48

Hordeolum

Question 49

A cyst or fibrotic reaction in a Meibomian gland

Answer 49

Chalazion