Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Human Anatomy > Heart > Flashcards

Heart Flashcards

1
Q

Heart Characteristics and Function

A
  • Beats 75/ minute, 108,000/day
  • Avg cardiac output 5.25L/min
  • Functions as dual pump for pulmonary and systemic circuits
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Pulmonary and systemic circuits

Carry blood where

Pumps

A
  • Pulmonary
    • Carries blood to and from lungs
    • Right ventricle pump
  • Systemic
    • Carries blood to and from body tissues
    • Left ventricle is pump
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Heart Orientation

Base and apex

A

Lies on diaphragm, posterior to sternum, in mediastinum

Base: Posterior and superior surface of heart

Apex: Anterior and inferior, points to left hip, level of 5th left intercostal space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Inferior or Diaphragmatic surface

A

Concave

Lower border of T8 or T9

Mostly Left ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Posterior Surface or base

A

Quadrilateral

Opposite T5-T8

Left atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Anterior or sternocostal surface

A

Flattened

Posterior to sternum and costal cartilages 3-6

Right atrium and right ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Right surface

A

Conves

Lateral to right border of sternum

Right atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Left Surface

A

Convex

1/2 inch to left of manubriosternal junction to apex

Left ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Mediastinum

Structure, contents

A
  • Thick flexible soft tissue
  • Seperates 2 pleural cavities
  • Contents
    • heart, esophagus, trachea, nerves, blood vessels
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Mediastinum location and sections

A
  • In thoracic cavity
  • Superior mediastinum
  • Inferior mediastinum
    • Anterior
    • Middle
      • Pericardium and heart
    • Posterior
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Pericardium layers

A
  • Fibrous pericardium
  • Serous pericardium
    • Parietal and visceral layer
      *
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Pericardium Functions

A

Prevents undesired movement

Prevents overfilling of heart

reduces friction

Pericarditis: Inflammation of pericardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Heart Wall layers

A
  • Epicardium ( aka visceral layer of serous pericardium)
  • Myocardium
    • Cardiac muscle
    • myocardial infarctions occur here due to lack of oxygen
  • Epicardium
    • lines chambers
    • covers valves
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q
A
  • Recieving chamber of oxygen poor blood from systemic
  1. Superior Vena Cava
  2. Inferior Vena Cava
  3. Coronary sinus
  4. Interatrial septum
  5. Pectinate Muscles
  6. Fossa ovalis (foramen ovalen in fetal)
  7. Sinoatrial node
  8. Atrioventricular node
  9. Right atrioventricular valve Tricuspid valve
  10. Sinus venarum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q
A
  1. Pump of pulmonary circuit ejects blood into pulmonary trunk
  2. Interventricular septum
  3. Trabeculae carneae cross bars of flesh
  4. Papillary muscles, anchor chordae tendinaea
  5. Chordae tendinaea, prevent valves from everting
  6. Moderator band (septomarginal trabeculae support)
  7. Conus arteriosis (infundibulum)
  8. Pulmonary semilunar valve
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Left Atrium

A

Posterior surface

Receives oxygen rich blood from lungs through pulmonary veins

Left atrioventricular valve Bicuspid valve, Mitral valve

17
Q

Left Ventricle

A

Pump of the systemic circuit, ejects oxygen blood into aorta

Aortic Semilunar valve

Aortic vestibule

Forms apex and inferior surface

Most muscular chamber, 3 times thicker than RV

18
Q

Valves Structures

A

Dense connective tissue

2 or 3 cusps

19
Q

Valve function

A

One way passage of blood

prevent backflow

20
Q

Valve closure

A

Atrioventricular valves close during systole

Semilunar valves close during diastole

21
Q

Atrioventricular and semilunar Valve positions to hear

A
  • Right Atrioventricular Valve
    • Inferior portion of strnum body
  • Left Atrioventricular Valve
    • Left 5th intercostal space
  • Pulmonary Semilunar valve
    • 2nd left intercostal space
  • Aortic Semilunar Valve
    • 2nd right intercostal space
22
Q

Heart sounds

A

Lub- AV valves close

Dub- Semilunar close

23
Q

Fibrous Skeleton

Structure

Function

A
  • CT between atria and ventricles
    • Seperates both physical and electrical
    • Anchors heart valves
    • Framework for muscle attachment
24
Q

Oxygen poor blood

Oxygen risch blood

A
  • Oxygen poor blood
  1. Coronary sinus
  2. Superior vena cava
  3. Inferior vena cava
  4. Right atrium
  5. Right ventricle
  6. Pulmonary trunk
  7. Pulmonary arteries
  8. Pulmonary veins (Oxygen Rich)
  9. Left atrium
  10. Left ventricle
  11. Aorta, aortic arch
  12. coronary arteries
25
Q

Blood flow through heart

A
26
Q

Right Coronary Arteries

A
  • Right coronary artery
    • Arises from ascending aorta, runs in coronary AV sulcus
    • Supplies RA, RV, SA AV node, parts of LA, LV
    • Right Marginal artery
    • Posterior interventricular artery
27
Q

Left Coronary Arteries

A
  • Arises from ascending aorta
  • Supplies LV, LA and interventricular septum
  • Circumflex artery
  • Anterior interventricular artery
28
Q

Cardiac Veins

A
  • Coronary sinus (fat on the back side)
    • Great cardiac vein
    • Middle cardiac vein
    • Small cardiac vein
29
Q

Conduction System

A
  • Sinoatrial node
    • pacemaker
  • Atrial muscle
  • Atrioventricular AV node
  • Atrioventricular bindle (Bundle of His)
  • Left and right branches
  • Purkinje fibers
  • Ventricular muscle
30
Q

Cardiac Plexus

A
  • Sympathetic innervation
    • Increases heart rate
    • force contraction
  • Parasympathetic (vagal) innervation
    • Dec heart rate
    • reduces force contraction
    • Constricts coronary arteries

Human Anatomy (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions