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Human Anatomy > Articulations > Flashcards

Articulations Flashcards

1
Q

Tendons definition

A

Bands of dense regular connective tissue

Connect muscle to bone (via Sharpeys fibers)

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2
Q

Ligaments def

A

Bands of dense regular CT

Connect bone to bone via Sharpeys fibers

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3
Q

Bursae def

A

Flattened sacs of synovial membrane

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4
Q

Fascia Def

A

Sheets of dense regular CT, envelop body

Secures muscle to tendon

Superficial and deep layers

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5
Q

Aponeuroses def

A

Flat fiborous sheets or expanded broad tendons of dense regular connective tissue

Attach to muscles, Origin or insertion for flat muscles

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6
Q

Functional Classifications

A

Synathrosis (immovable) Sagittal suture

Amphiarthrosis (Slightly movable)

Diarthrosis (freely movable)

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7
Q

Structural Classifications

A

Fibrous (connected by fibrous tissue) sutures in skull

Cartilaginous (connected by cartilage)

Synovial (contains a joint cavity) Synovial membrane, movable

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8
Q

Suture classification

Ex

A

Fiborous

Synathrosis

Connected by dense fiborous CT (btw bones of skull)

Sutural bone

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9
Q

Gomphoses Classification

Ex

A

Fibrous

Synathrosis

Connected by periodontal ligaments

Mandible or maxilla and tooth

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10
Q

Syndesmoses Classification

Ex

A

Fiborous

Amphiarthrosis

Connected by ligaments

Tibia and fibula

Radius and ulna

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11
Q

Synchondrosis Classification

Ex

A

Cartilaginous

Synarthrosis

Connected by hylaine cartilage **

EX:

Costochondral joint

Epiphyseal plate

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12
Q

Symphysis Classification and Ex

A

Cartilaginous

Amphiarthrosis

Connected by fibrocartilage

Ex

Pubic Symphysis

Intervertebral discs

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13
Q

Synovial Joints

Classification

Ex

A

Diarthrosis

Contain joint capsule and synovial membrane

Ex

Shoulder, elbow, hip, knee

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14
Q

Synovial Joint anatomy

A
  • Articular capsule
    • Fibrous layer
    • Synovial membrane
      • Synovial fluid
        • nutrient distribution
        • Shock Absorption
        • Lubrication
  • Joint Cavity
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15
Q

Accessory Structures to Synovial Joint 7

A

Articular Cartilage

Bursae

Tendon

Tendon SHeath

Ligament

Menisci

Fat Pad

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16
Q

Synovial Joint Diseases

A

Rheumatoid Arthritis- Autoimmune disease, attack articular cartilage, body forms bone spurs to protect

Osteoarthritis- Non inflammatory AKA arthritis common wear and tear

Gouty arthritis- Uric acid crystals

17
Q

List the Classifications of Synovial Joints 6

A

Gliding or Planar

Hinge

Pivot

Condylar or ellipsoid

Saddle

Ball and socket

18
Q

Gliding or planar

A

Intercarpal, sternocostal, acromicoclavicular

Least mobile

19
Q

Hinge

A

Interphalangeal, ankle, knee

20
Q

Pivot

A

Proximal radioulnar, atlantoaxial

21
Q

Condylar or ellipsoid

A

Metacarpaphalangeal, radiocarpal

22
Q

Saddle

A

Carpometacarpal joint of thumb

23
Q

Ball and socket

A

Hip and shoulder

Most mobile

24
Q

Atlanto-occipital Joint

A

Located between the atlas and occipital condyles

Neck flexion and extension

Nod yes

25
Q

Atlanto-axial joint

A

Located between the atlas and dens of the axis

Neck rotation

Shake NO

26
Q

What are the 2 Intervertebral joint and where are they

A
  • Symphysis
    • Btw vertebral bodies
  • Synovial, gliding
    • Btw articular processes
27
Q

Intervertebral Ligaments 5

A
  • Anterior longitudinal ligament
  • Posterior longitudinal ligament
  • Ligamentum flavum
  • Interspinous ligament
  • Supraspinous ligament
    • Ligamentum nuchae
28
Q

2 segments of Intervertebral Disc and consistency

A
  • Annulus fibrosus
    • Surrounding disc
    • Fibrocartilage
  • Nucleus pulposus
    • Inside of disc
    • Elastic, gelatinous
29
Q

Shoulder joint classification and characteristics

A
  • Glenohumeral joint
    • Head of humerus
    • Glenoid cavity of scapula
  • Most mobile
  • Least stable
  • Ball and socket
30
Q

Shoulder ligaments 6

A
  • Acromioclavicular
  • Coracohumeral
  • Transverse humeral
  • Coracoclavicular
  • Coracoacromial
  • Glenohumeral
31
Q

Shoulder Bursae 4

A

Subdeltoid bursa

Subacromial bursa

Subcoracoid bursa

Subscapular bursa

32
Q

2 types of elbow joints and bones involved

A
  • Humero-ulnar joint
    • Trochlea of humerus
    • Trachlear notch of ulna
    • Hinge joint
  • Humeroradial joint
    • Capitulum of humerus
    • Head of radius
33
Q

Elbow ligaments 3

A

Radial collateral

Annular

Ulnar collateral

34
Q

Hip joint

A
  • Coxal joint
    • Head of femur
    • Acetabulum
  • Ball and socket
35
Q

Hip ligaments 4

A

Iliofemoral

Pubofemoral

Ischiofemoral

Ligamentum teres

36
Q

Knee Joint 3

A
  • Tibiofemoral joint
    • Medial/lateral condyles of femur
    • Medial/lateral condyles of tibia
  • Patellarfemoral joint
    • Patella
    • Patellar surface of femur
  • Hinge joint
37
Q

Knee ligaments 4

And location very imp

A
  • Anterior cruciate ligament
    • Attached to anterior of tibia
    • Posterior of femur
  • Posterior cruciate ligament
    • Attached to posterior of tibia
    • Anterior of femur
  • Medial (tibial) collateral ligament
  • Lateral (fibular) collateral ligament
38
Q

Knee Menisci

A
  • Menisci
    • Lateral meniscus
    • Medial meniscus
  • Fibrocartilage pad
  • Between femur and tibia

Human Anatomy (20 decks)

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