Heart

Question 1

Aortic

Answer 1

2nd right intercostal space at right sternal border

Question 2

Pulmonic

Answer 2

2nd left intercostal space at left sternal border

Question 3

Erb’s point (aortic and pulmonic sounds)

Answer 3

3rd intercostal space at left sternal border

Question 4

Tricuspid

Answer 4

4th left intercostal space at left lower sternal border

Question 5

Mitral

Answer 5

5th left intercostal space at midclavicular line

Question 6

Grade I Murmur

Answer 6

Very faint, heard only after listener has “tuned in”; may not be heard in all positions

Question 7

Grade II Murmur

Answer 7

Quiet, but heard immediately after placing stethoscope on chest

Question 8

Grade III Murmur

Answer 8

Moderately loud

Question 9

Grade IV Murmur

Answer 9

Loud, with palpable thrill

Question 10

Grade V Murmur

Answer 10

Very loud, with thrill; may be heard when stethoscope is partly off chest

Question 11

Grade VI Murmur

Answer 11

Very loud, with thrill; may be heard with stethoscope entirely off chest

Question 12

Angina

Answer 12

Severe, often constricting pain; caused by reduced arterial blood to myocardium, which reduces oxygen supplied to myocardial cells; causes injury and ischemia and sharp precordial pain directly related to cardiac ischemia; usually refers to angina pectoris

Question 13

Arrhythmia

Answer 13

Loss of rhythm; denotes especially an irregularity of the heartbeat

Question 14

Atherosclerotic heart disease

Answer 14

Narrowing of small blood vessels of the heart

Question 15

Bradycardia

Answer 15

Slow beating of the heart, usually at rate of less than 60 beats per minute

Question 16

Bruit

Answer 16

Harsh or musical intermittent auscultatory sound, especially an abnormal one

Question 17

Bacterial endocarditis

Answer 17

Bacterial infection of teh endothelial layer of the heart and valves

Question 18

Cardiac tamponade

Answer 18

Excessive fluid accumulation between the pericardium and heart

Question 19

Congestive heart failure

Answer 19

Failure of the heart to pump effectively resulting in congestion within the pulmonary and systemic circulation of the heart

Question 20

Cor pulmonale

Answer 20

Enlargement of the right ventricle secondary to chronic lung disease

Question 21

Myocardial infarction

Answer 21

Ischemic myocardial necrosis due to decreased blood flow to a segment of the myocardium

Question 22

Myocarditis

Answer 22

Inflammation of the myocardium

Question 23

Myocardium

Answer 23

Middle layer of the heart

Question 24

Palpitations

Answer 24

Forcible or irregular pulsation of the heart, perceptible to the patient, usually with an increase in frequency or force, with or without irregularity in rhythm

Question 25

Pericarditis

Answer 25

Inflammation of the pericardium

Question 26

Pericardium

Answer 26

Fibrous sac encasing the heart

Question 27

Tachycardia

Answer 27

Rapid beating of the heart, conventionally applied to rates over 100 beats per minute

Question 28

Thrill

Answer 28

Fine, palpable sensation