Heart Flashcards
Posterior aspect of heart
2/3 left atrium, 1/3 right atrium, a bit of left ventricle
T5-T8 vertebrae
Receives pulmonary veins (4)
In front of esophagus
Base
Inferior aspect of heart
2/3 left ventricle, 1/3 right ventricle
Diaphragmatic
Left atrium
Receives pulmonary veins
If dilated, can compress esophagus - dysphagia
Right atrium
Receives SVC and IVC, coronary sinus, anterior cardiac veins
Smooth = sinus venarum with foams voalis
Rough = pectinate muslce
Crista terminals separaties along SVC and IVC
Opening of coronary sinus is inferior
Anterior aspect of heart
Suspectible to trauma
Mostly right ventricle and left ventricle, some of right atrium (auricle)
Sternocostal
Triangle of Koch
Inferior part of right atrium
Contains AV node, opening of coronary sinus, septal leaflet of right AV valve
SA node
Junction of SVC and crista terminals of right atrium
Pacemaker
Tricuspid valve
Cordae tendinae link it to papillary muscles
Anterior, posterior and septal
Between right atrium and ventricle
Right ventricle
Rough = trabeculae carneae
Smooth = conus arteriousus
Moderator band
Right ventricle
Contains right AV bundle (near septal papillary muscle)
Pulmonary trunk
Divides into right and left
Right divides into superior and inferior
Left atrium
Receives blood from pulmonary veins (4)
Pectinate muscles and sinus venarum
Left ventricle
Trabaculae carnae, conus arteriosum
Aortic vestibule leads to aortic valve
Thicker wall
Bicuspid valve
2 papillary muscles - anterior and posterior
AKA mitral
Lub
AV valves closing
Dub
Semilunar valves closing (aortic and pulmonary)
Aortic valve
Right coronary arteries come out of it to supply heart
Fibrous skeleton of heart
Maintains size and shape, electrical insulator, 4 collagen rings
Blood flow
Body - SVC/IVC - RA - tricuspid valve - RV - pulmonary valve - lungs - LA - mitral/bicuspid valve - LV - aortic valve - aorta - descending & ascending - body
Heart auscultation
Aortic - right parasternal, ICS 2
Pulmonic - left parasternal, ICS 2
Tricuspid - left parasternal, ICS 5
Mitral - left midclavicular line, ICS 5
Coronary arteries
Arise from right and left aortic sinuses, just above aortic valve
RCA
Right atrium and ventricle, SA node (mostly) and AV node, posterior atrioventricular septum
Branches into post interventricular (determines dominance) and right marginal branch
LCA
Left atrium and ventricle, AV bundle, some portion of SA node, anterior atrioventricular septum
Branches into ant interventricular (LAD), circumflex (goes to back) and left marginal
Venous drainage
Great cardiac vein - LAD/ant interventricular (vulnerable during bypass)
Middle cardiac vein - post interventricular
Small cardiac vein - right marginal artery
Great cardiac vein
LAD/ant interventricular artery
Vulnerable during bypass
Middle cardiac vein
Post interventricular artery
Small cardiac vein
Right marginal artery
LAD
AKA anterior interventricular
Runs with great cardiac vein
Most likely site of occlusion
Supplies AV bundle
CAD
Caused by coronary atherosclerosis
Accompanied by angina pectoris = chest pain
Treat with coronary artery bypass graft (great saphenous), coronary angioplasty, intravascular stent
AV node
Right atrium, interaterial septum
Bundle of His
Interventricular septum
Right bundle branch
Moderator band, right ventricle wall
Left bundle branch
Left ventricle wall
Purkinje fibers
Interventricular septum, papillary muscles
Pacemaker
Replaces SA ndoe
L. subclavian - l. brachiocephalic - SVC - right atrium - right ventricle
Innervation of heart
Parasympathetic = vagus
Sympathetic = T1-T4
Cardiac referred pain
Transmitted by visceral afferent fibers which travel with sympathetic fibers
Veins path
Internal jugulars and subclavian go into brachiocephalic and into SVC
Arteries path
Right common carotid and subclavian go to brachiocephalic trunk
No brachiocephalic trunk on left
Go into aorta
Posterior cardiac vein
Left ventricle, drains into coronary sinus
Anterior cardiac vein
Right ventricle, drains into right atrium
Apex of heart
Left 5th ICS midclavicular line
