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AFCP 1 FINAL > Accessory Organs > Flashcards

Accessory Organs Flashcards

1
Q

Liver

A

RUQ
Lobes - right, left, quadrate, caudate

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2
Q

Portal triad

A

Forms cross bar of H
Vein = posterior
Artery = inferior
Bile duct = green

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3
Q

Ligaments of liver

A

Falficiform splits into right and left lobes
Continuous with coronary and triangular ligaments superior
Ends as round ligament (ligamentum teres hepatis) inferiorly

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4
Q

Ligamentum venosum

A

Right side of H in liver
Used to be ductus venous
Shunt umbilical vein to IVC

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5
Q

Round ligament

A

Ligamentum teres hepatis
Used to be umbilical vein

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6
Q

Liver segments

A

Each receives a branch of hepatic artery and vein
High capacity for regeneration

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7
Q

Nutrition to liver

A

Almost 3/4 by portal vein
Almost 1/3 by hepatic artery
Lymph nodes - supradiaphragmatic

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8
Q

Liver biopsy

A

Right 10th intercostal space in midaxillary line
Hold breath to reduce damage to lung

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9
Q

Hepatomegaly

A

Rise in central venous pressure

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10
Q

Liver metastasis

A

Common site of metastasis of GIT, breast cancers

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11
Q

Gallbladder

A

Right of quadrate lobe
Stores liver

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12
Q

Cholecystitis

A

Inflammation of gallbladder due to blockage
Starts in epigastric, right hypochondriac then to shoulder
Murphy’s sign = sharp pain in RUQ

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13
Q

Cystohepatic trinagle

A

Liver, cystic duct, common hepatic duct = borders
Contains cystic artery

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14
Q

Gallstones

A

Cholesterol deposits in cystic duct

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15
Q

Gallbladder referred pain

A

Referred to right shoulder

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16
Q

Cholecystectomy

A

Removal of gallbladder

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17
Q

Path of bile

A

Made in liver - bile canaliculi, ductules, ducts
Goes to gallbladder - hepatic ducts, common hepatic ducts, gallbladder, cystic duct, common bile duct, major duodenal papilla, duodenum

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18
Q

Jaundice

A

Blockage, bile can’t leave gallbladderP

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19
Q

ancrease

A

Exocrine & endocrine
Head = in duodenum curve, right
Uncinate process - inferior to head
Neck = hepatic portal vein
Body = part of stomach bed
Tail = close to spleen, spenorenal ligament

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20
Q

Pancreatic duct

A

Also empties in major papilla of duodenum with bile duct

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21
Q

Inflammation of pancreas

A

Pancreatic enzymes invade adjacent tissue

22
Q

Pancreatic cancer

A

Head - obstruct bile duct - jaundice
Neck & body - portal hypertension

23
Q

Spleen

A

Lymphatic organ
Delicate and easily ruptured (thin capsule) but hard to repair

24
Q

Peritoneal ligaments of spleen

A

Gastrosplenic
Splenorenal
Splenocolic
Phrenosplenic
Splenic hilum

25
Q

Gastrosplenic ligament

A

Short gastric artery

26
Q

Splenorenal ligament

A

Contains tail of pancreas and splenic artery and vein

27
Q

Celiac trunk

A

T12-L1
L. gastric, splenic, common hepatic

28
Q

Left gastric artery

A

Courses along lesser curve
Comes of celiac trunk

29
Q

Splenic artery

A

Torturous, towards spleen
Branches to pancreas, short gastric, l gastroomental
End artery, occlusion leans to necrosis

30
Q

Left gastroomental artery

A

Celiac - splenic
Along greater curvature
Anastomoses with r. gastroomental

31
Q

Common hepatic artery

A

Branches into proper hepatic artery and gastroduodenal

32
Q

Proper hepatic artery

A

Part of portal triad in hepatoduodenal ligament

33
Q

Right & left hepatic artery

A

Celiac - common hepatic
Towards liver

34
Q

Right gastric artery

A

Celiac - common hepatic
Along lesser curve of stomach

35
Q

Gastroduodenal artery

A

Celiac - common hepatic
Along greater curve
Anastomoses with gastroomental

36
Q

Superior gastroduodenal artery

A

Celiac - common hepatic
Supplys duodenum and pancreas

37
Q

SMA

A

L1 level
Branches to inferior pancreaticoduodenal, middle colic, right colic, ileocolic, jejunal and ileal branches

38
Q

SMA and IMA anastamose

A

Middle colic and left colic anastamoseIMA at left colic flexure

39
Q

IMA

A

L3 level
Branches to left colic, sigmoid, superior rectal

40
Q

Veins of large intestine

A

SMV, splenic vein meet at hepatic portal vein
IMV drains into splenic vein

41
Q

Portocaval anastamosis

A

Portal veins carry nutrient rich blood from GI tract

42
Q

Portal hypertension

A

Blood can be shunted to esophageal, retroperitoneal, rectal or paraumbilical veins

Gut - esophageal varices
Butt - anorectal varices
Caput - medusa on abdomen

43
Q

Portal hypertension in gut

A

Left gastric vein - esophageal vein
Esophageal varices

44
Q

Portal hypertension in butt

A

Superior rectal and middle/inferior rectal veins
Intestinal or anorectal varices

45
Q

Portal hypertension in caput medusa

A

Paraumbilical and superficial/thoracic epigastric veins
Dilation of paraumbilical veins along round ligament - medusa appearance of abdoment

46
Q

Liver cirrhosis

A

Hobnail appearance, splenomegaly, ascites

47
Q

Abdomen sympathetics

A

Thoracic splanchnic
Greater T5-T9 celiac ganglia
Lesser T10-T11 superior mesenteric ganglion
Least T12 aorticorenal ganglion

Lumbar splanchnic
Inferior mesenteric L1-L2

48
Q

Abdomen parasympathetics

A

Vagus nerve until 2/3 transverse colon
Pelvic splanchnic

49
Q

Referred pain

A

Visceral afferent and autonomics travel together

50
Q

Lymph nodes

A

Celiac, SM, IM

AFCP 1 FINAL (14 decks)

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