GI Development Flashcards
Anganglionosis
New ganglion cells in entering nervous system - causing Hirschsprung’s disease
Ventral mesogastrium
Becomes lesser omentum and falciform ligament
Only in foregut
Dorsal mesogastrium
Becomes greater momentum
Trachea & esopahgus
Split at week 4
Fistula if they stay connected
Achalasia cardia
LES doesn’t relax
Dysphagia
Stomach rotation
Turns 90 degrees clockwise
Forms omental bursa and greater omentum
Pyloric stenosis
Pyloric sphincter muscle hypertrophy
Projective vomiting
Olive mass above umbilicus
Duodenal atresia
Defect in canalization of bowel - obstruction
Liver
Arises from ventral mesentery/mesogastrium
Spleen
Arises from dorsal mesentery/mesogastrium
Pancreas
Arises from ventral pancreatic bud and dorsal pancreatic bud
Annular pancreas
Abnormal ring of pancreatic tissue encircles duodenum, can constrict duodenum
Physiological herniation
Occurs during weeks 6-10, thru umbilical ring
Persistence of mesentery
Can cause volvulus, abnormal gut movement
Gastroschisis
Viscera not covered in amnion
Incomplete closure of abdominal wall
Omphalocele
Physiological herniation doesn’t reverse
Contained within amniotic sac
Meckel’s diverticulum
Vitelline duct persists
Can contain GI tissue
Can be asymptomatic or cause problems later
Vitelline duct abnromalities
Umbilical sinus
Vitelline cyst
Umbilicoileal fistula
Cloaca
Split by urorectal septum
Cavity at end of GI tract in embryos
Intestinal, urinary, and reproductive tracts open Terminal part of the hindgut
Imperforate anus
No anal opening
Congenital megacolon (Hirschsprung disease)
Absence of autonomic ganglia
Failure or neural crest cells to migrate into wall of colon
Axis of rotation for midgut
SMA
Vitelline duct
Connects yolk sac to developing gut
Vitelline fistula
Persistence of developing gut, open tract between ileum and umbilicus, persistent discharge from the umbilical stump
