Heart Flashcards

1
Q

Right side of the heart which carries blood to lungs for O2 CO2 exchange and back to heart

A

Pulmonary Circuit

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2
Q

Left side of heart which supplies oxygenated blood to all tissues of the body and returns it to the heart

A

Systemic circuit

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3
Q

Blood vessels are attached to which part of the heart?

A

Base

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4
Q

Heart is located in the

A

Mediastinum, between the heart

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5
Q

Double walled sac that encloses the heart

A

Pericardium

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6
Q

The heart wall is anchored to diaphragm ________ and sternum ___________.

A

Inferiorly
anteriorly

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7
Q

What are the 3 layers of the heart wall superficial to deep?

A

Epicardium
Myocardium
Endocardium

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8
Q

What are the 3 layers of the heart wall deep to superficial?

A

Endocardium
Myocardium
Epicardium

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9
Q

The layer of the heart wall that is cardiac muscle is

A

Myocardium

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10
Q

When sympathetic division of the ANS is activated and HR rises, which layer of the heart will the Epi go to? AKA any effect on the heart will go to….

A

Myocardium

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11
Q

The endocardium portion of the heart wall has ______ _______ epithelia

A

Simple Squamous

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12
Q

The right a left atria of the four chambers are responsible for

A

Receiving blood returning to heart through afferent vessels (veins)
Auricles

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13
Q

The right and left ventricles of the four chambers are responsible for

A

Pumping blood into efferent vessels (arteries)

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14
Q

Arteries are _____ vessels

A

efferent

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15
Q

Veins are ______ vessels

A

afferent

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16
Q

What is the wall that separates atria

A

Interatrial septum

17
Q

What is the muscular wall that separates ventricles

A

Interventricular septum

18
Q

Internal ridges in both ventricles are called

A

Trabeculae carneae

19
Q

The internal ridges of myocardium in atria and both auricles are called

A

Pectinate muscles

20
Q

The flaps of the heart that allow for expansion to allow more blood are called

21
Q

What is a sulcus

A

Groove that contains blood vessels

22
Q

On the external anterior portion of the heart, the Coronary (Atrioventricular) sulcus separates…

A

atria and ventricles

23
Q

On the external anterior portion of the heart the Ant. Interventricular sulcus overlies

A

the interventricular septum that divides the right ventricle from the left

24
Q

These valves control blood flow between atria and ventricles

A

Atrioventricular (AV) valves

25
Left AV valve is also known as (name used in clinical setting)
mitral valve
26
Cords that connect AV valves to papillary muscles
Chordae tendineae
27
Striated short thick branched cells one central nucleus
Cardiocytes
28
Join cardiocytes end to end
Intercalated discs
29
Electrical junctions found at intercalated discs allow ions to flow between cells; can stimulate neighbors
Gap junctions
30
The entire heart contracts in what series?
First the atria then the ventricles
31
Atrial or ventricular contractions is also known as
Systole
32
Atrial or ventricular relaxation is also known as
diastole
33
List the conduction system in order
SA node Junctional fibers AV node AV bundle R and L bundle branches Purkinje fibers
34
Normal heartbeat is triggered by
The SA node
35