Health needs assessment

Question 1

what is maslow’s hierarchy of needs

Answer 1

categorisation of needs into a hierarchy of basic physiological needs necessary for human life through to more spiritual needs

Question 2

what are examples of physiological needs in maslow’s hierarchy

Answer 2

breathing, food, water, sex, sleep, homeostasis, excretion.

Question 3

what are examples of safety needs in maslow’s hierarchy

Answer 3

security of body, of employment, of resources, of morality, of the family, of health, of property.

Question 4

what are examples of love/belonging needs in maslow’s hierarchy

Answer 4

friendship, family, sexual intimacy

Question 5

what are examples of esteem in maslow’s hierarchy

Answer 5

self esteem, confidence, achievement, respect for others, repeat by others

Question 6

what are examples of self actualisation in maslow’s hierarchy

Answer 6

morality, creativity, spontaneity, problem solving,lack of prejudice, acceptance of facts.

Question 7

what is the order of needs in maslow’s hierarchy

Answer 7

physiological, safety, love and belonging, esteem, self actualisation

Question 8

what does bradshaw taxonomy describe

Answer 8

people’s needs

Question 9

define normative need of bradshaw taxonomy

Answer 9

need which is identified according to the norm (norms are set by experts)

Question 10

define comparative need of bradshaw taxonomy

Answer 10

concerns problems which emerge by comparison with others who are not in need e.g. comparison of social problems in different areas in order to determine which areas are most deprived.

Question 11

define felt need of bradshaw taxonomy

Answer 11

the need which people feel. This is a perspective need.

Question 12

define expressed need of bradshaw taxonomy

Answer 12

the need which people say they have People can feel need which they do not express and they can express needs they do not feel

Question 13

what is need defined as in medicine

Answer 13

individual has a illness or disability for which there is effective and acceptable treatment care.

Question 14

what factors effect need

Answer 14

underlying incidence
prevalence.
these are dependent on genetic, socio-cultural and environmental factors.

Question 15

factors affecting demand

Answer 15

perception and knowledge of disease and consequences as well as the perceived quality of service.
media, medical influences, social cultural and educational infleunces.

Question 16

factors affecting supply

Answer 16

history of supply

public and political pressure

Question 17

give an example of a service which has a need but no demand or supply

Answer 17

Family planning and contraceptive services in low and middle income countries.

Question 18

give an example of a service which has a demand but no supply or need

Answer 18

Patients may ask for (demand) expectorants for coughs and colds
However, cough mixtures are ineffective and should be seldom prescribed (no need or supply)

Question 19

give an example of a service which has supply but nor demand or need.

Answer 19

provision of routine health checks in people over 75 years are not usually requested (no demand), but in some general practices they are provided (supply).

Question 20

give an example of a service which has a need and demand but no supply.

Answer 20

Methadone maintenance programmes can reduce the physical risks of heroin addiction and may increase the chance of drug misusers giving up (need), but it is not always available

Question 21

give an example of a service which has a demand and supply but no need.

Answer 21

People may request (demand) and be prescribed (supply) long-acting benzodiazepines (sleeping tablets) for insomnia.In the long term this is not effective (no need)

Question 22

give and example of a service which has need and supply but no demand

Answer 22

Even when it is offered, not all health-care staff take up the opportunity of hepatitis B immunisation (supply but no demand)
Yet they are at risk of hepatitis B infection and immunisation is effective at preventing it (need)

Question 23

what is a health needs assessment and why do we carry it out.

Answer 23

Systematic method for reviewing the health issues facing a population.
Leads to agreed priorities and resource allocation that will improve and reduce inequalities

Question 24

what is the first step in a health needs assessment

Answer 24

defining the population.

Question 25

what is the second step in a health needs assessment

Answer 25

Identify your stakeholders

public/patient- patient support groups.

national- department of health, NHS England, public health England.

local government-public health directorate, social services, education authority, housing department.

NHS commissioners
CCG’s

NHS providers
GP’S, hospitals.

Third sector organisation- charities

Private sector organisations

professional bodies
royal colleges

Question 26

why do you involve stakeholders in the process.

Answer 26

Bring expertise and resources (people and money)
Ownership of process increases chance recommendations will be accepted (once the assessment has been carried put as they have had more input)
Opportunity to get to know each other to facilitate future collaboration

Question 27

what are the different types of health assessment needs

Answer 27

epidemiological
comparative
corporate

Question 28

what is a epidemiological health needs assessment

Answer 28

measure health status of a population
evaluate means of addressing identified health problems
can be difficult and expensive

Question 29

what is a comparative health needs assessment

Answer 29

Compare with service provision in similar populations
What if they have got it wrong?
Corporate

Question 30

what is a corporate health needs assessment

Answer 30

Ask experts

Usually local experts with vested interest!

Question 31

How do we measure epidemiology

Answer 31

looking for variations in frequency of disease
• In one place compared to another
• Over time, looking for increasing or decreasing trends
• Or between different population sub groups, e.g. age, gender, or ethnicity.

PLACE, TIME and PERSON.

Question 32

what factors must be considered when addressing a patients health assessments need

Answer 32

epideiemiology
demographics
ethnic minority
population density
deprivation

Question 33

why is it important to look at age groups specifically in health assessment needs data

Answer 33

different age groups will have much higher mortality rates of a certain type
e.g.- congenital malformations are much higher in children

Question 34

in terms of health events the number of events decreases from people carrying out the behaviours to people attending appointment to people dying (you only die once), however the pyramid is inverted when the quality and quantity of information is concerned the birth and death has higher numbers than for those who report to carryout the behaviour.

Is this statement true

Answer 34

Yes

Question 35

how is ill health most commonly measured

Answer 35

hospital appointments.