demography

Question 1

what factors are taken into account from a patients perspective of their health

Answer 1

focus on health, risk factors, exposures, causal mechanisms in people as individuals

Question 2

what factors are taken into account from a population perspective of their health

Answer 2

focus on disorder,exposures, causal mechanisms in people as a group.

Question 3

what factors drive a countries population change

Answer 3

birth, marriage, migration, ageing and death.

Question 4

define fertility

Answer 4

live births per 1000 women

Question 5

what are the main reasons of the decline in the 70s for fertility in the 20-24 year olds, to a increase in the 35-40 age group

Answer 5

contraception more accesible
education-both in terms of delaying marriage and providing skills to control contraception.
Changes in support for families (maternal and paternal leave and tax credits)

Question 6

define birth rate

Answer 6

number of live births

Question 7

what is the denominator for crude birth rate

Answer 7

men and women of all ages

Question 8

what is the denominator for fertility rate

Answer 8

women of reproductive age (15-44/49)

Question 9

what population data information is used to calculate fertility rate and birth rate (is it

Answer 9

mid year population

Question 10

what is a better indicator of reproductive behaviour

Answer 10

fertility rate or birth rate

Question 11

do men or women have higher mortality rates

Answer 11

males

Question 12

when are mortality rates high

Answer 12

infancy

after 50

Question 13

why has there been a reduction in the women’s mortality rate over 40

Answer 13

improved maternal mortality and sanitation

Question 14

does crude death rate account for the difference in death rates of both male and females

Answer 14

No

Question 15

why has life expectancy increased

Answer 15

fall in infant and neonatal mortality

sanitation,better working and housing conditions.

Question 16

define cohort life expectancy

Answer 16

calculated using age-specific mortality rates which allow for known or projected changes in mortality in later years and are thus regarded as a more appropriate.

Question 17

define period life expectancy

Answer 17

at a given age for an area is the average number of years a person would live, if he or she experienced the particular age specific mortality rate for the time period throughout her life.

Question 18

what decade did the increase in migration occur

Answer 18

2000’s

Question 19

what are the main reasons behind migration

Answer 19

social, political, economic

Question 20

what do population pyramids show

Answer 20

Displays the age sex of a population

Question 21

what shapes are the pyramids of both developing countries and developed countries

Answer 21

developing countries- barrel shaped

developed countries- barrel shaped.

Question 22

what is the demographic transition

Answer 22

is a general pattern of changes in death rates, population growth, and birth rates that appears during the process of modernization.

Question 23

what happens in stage one of the demographic transition model

Answer 23

birth and death rate high

Question 24

what happens in stage two of the demographic transition model

Answer 24

death rate fall due to sanitation

Question 25

what happens in stage three of the demographic transition model

Answer 25

birth rates fall due to increased contraception, education, land shortages, urbanization, , and introduction of family planning programs

Question 26

what happens in stage four of the demographic transition model

Answer 26

both birth and death rates are low

Question 27

define total fertility rate

Answer 27

is the number of babies that the average woman will have during her reproductive lifetime

Question 28

what major problem affected the population in the 60’s

Answer 28

famine

Question 29

what major policy affected the population in the 80’s

Answer 29

old child policy

Question 30

Is cohort or period life expectancy a better measure

Answer 30

cohort

Question 31

does cohort life expectancy come out as slight higher than period lit expectancy

Answer 31

Yes- life expectancy is rising.