Health, fitness and wellbeing

Question 1

Define mental well-being and state the effects physical activity has on it.

Answer 1

Ability to cope with the stress of everyday life.

-reduced stress levels
-causes release of serotonin which creates a feeling of happiness and reward

Question 2

Define fitness

Answer 2

Ability of an individual to cope with and meet the demands of their environment.

Question 3

Define health

Answer 3

Having stable social, mental and physical wellbeing not merely the absence of illness

Question 4

Define physical wellbeing and state the effects that physical activity has on it.

Answer 4

Being free of illness, injury and the ability to carry out every day tasks.

• improved heart health and function
• prevents obesity
• reduced risk of illness

Question 5

Define social wellbeing and state the effects that physical activity has on it.

Answer 5

Humans needs such as friendship and social activity are adhered to.

• friendship and socializing with ithers
• improved team working skills
• support

Question 6

Define a sedentary lifestyle

Answer 6

A lifestyle that consists of irregular or no physical activity in day to day life

Question 7

State some physical consequences of a sedentary lifestyle.

Answer 7

• can lead to obesity
• weight gain
• hypertension= high blood pressure

Question 8

State some mental consequences of a sedentary lifestyle

Answer 8

• poor self esteem
• increased risk of depression

Question 9

State a social consequence of a sedentary lifestyle

Answer 9

• lack of social skills/ friendship

Question 10

Define obesity

Answer 10

Being very overweight. Having a BMI of over 30

Question 11

List some consequences of obesity on physical health

Answer 11

• increase chance of cancer
• increase chance of diabetes
• increased risk it heart disease

Question 12

List some consequences of obesity on physical activity

Answer 12

• limited CV endurance
• reduced speed
• reduced agility

Question 13

Describe the physique of an enlctomorph.

Answer 13

• not very muscular
• lean and thin
• low body fat
• narrow shoulders and hips

Question 14

What types of sport would an ectomorph generally be suited to. Also give a specific example of a sport.

Answer 14

Sports that require flexible movements where being tall and lean is advantageous.

High jumpers- light frame allows a higher jump since there’s less weight to move.

Question 15

Describe the physique of a mesomorph.

Answer 15

• broad shoulders
• thin waist
• low body fat
• large and well built muscles

Question 16

What types of sport would a mesomorph generally be suited to. Also give a specific example of a sport.

Answer 16

Sports that require speed and strength especially from upper body.

Swimmer- muscular shoulders and legs to drive and cut through water at speed.
Rugby back.

Question 17

Describe the physique of an endomorph.

Answer 17

• high body fat
• ‘pear shaped’
• round stomach and thighs

Question 18

What types of sport would an endomorph generally be suited to. Also give a specific example of a sport.

Answer 18

Sports requiring good balance or a large force to be produced.

Rugby forward- large mass makes it easier to push in a scrum.
Sumo wrestler.

Question 19

Define energy balance.

Answer 19

The relationship between the amount of energy consumed and the amount of energy extended by your body

Question 20

Define energy expenditure.

Answer 20

The amount of energy (calories) used to maintain body function such as reputation, physical movement and circulation.

Question 21

What is energy a product of?

Answer 21

Food and cellular respiration.

Question 22

How many calories should men generally consume? How many should women?

Answer 22

Men- 2,500 kcal per day
Women- 2,000 kcal per day

Question 23

True or false:
All women need to eat 2,000 kcal

Answer 23

False. You need to take into account other factors.

Question 24

What factors can affect how many calories someone needs to consume? Explain each.

Answer 24

. Age- children (especially young adults) require higher than average calorie consumption to allow growth of body. After early twenties, this will drop.

. Gender- generally, men need more energy per day than women.

. Height- taller people generally need more energy than shorter people.

. Exercise levels- energy consumption should be appropriate for your daily exercise levels.

Question 25

Define ‘balanced diet’.

Answer 25

A diet that consists of the correct food sources in the correct quantities.

Question 26

Why is a balanced diet vital?

Answer 26

. Keeping the immune system working at optimal levels
. Keeping a person free from illnews

Question 27

Explain what happens to weight when a diet is not balanced and why?

Answer 27

Can put on weight because excess energy is stored as fat in the body.

Question 28

What’s the percentage ratio of carbohydrates, proteins and fats you should have in a day?.

Answer 28

Carbohydrates (55-60%)

Protein (15-20%)

Fats (25-30%)

Question 29

What are the roles of carbohydrates?

Answer 29

. Main source of energy for human
. Can be used to provide energy for all types of energy for all types of exercise at all intensities

Question 30

What is the role of protein?

Answer 30

. Used for growth and repair of muscle cells following excercise

Question 31

What is the role of fats in releasing energy?

Answer 31

. Can be a source of high energy but only during low intensity exercise like jogging.

Question 32

What is the role of vitamins and minerals.

Answer 32

Help immune system and other bodily functions work properly.

Question 33

Define dehydration.

Answer 33

The loss of fluids from the body which insists the body’s ability to function.

Question 34

Define hydration.

Answer 34

Maintaining a water balance by replenishing lost fluids by drinking.

Question 35

What can contribute to dehydration?

Answer 35

• humidity of environment
• temperature of environment
• intensity and duration of exercise being completed

Question 36

What are the effects of dehydration?

Answer 36

. Increased viscosity of blood- reduces flow of blood
. Can cause cramping in muscles
. Confusion- slower reaction time and impaired thought