Health Behavior interventions Flashcards
Health behaviors
Behaviors undertaken by people to enhance or maintain their health
Health habits
Behaviors that are firmly established and performed automatically without awareness
7 good health habits from the Alameda County study
Sleeping 7-8 hours a night
Not smoking Eating breakfast every day Not eating between meals Being no more than 10% overweight Having no more than 1-2 alcoholic drinks each day
Getting regular exercise
Primary prevention
Taking measures to combat risk factors for illness before it has a chance to develop
Keeping people from developing poor health habits in the first place
Secondary prevention
Efforts that aim to reduce the impact of a disease or injury that has already occurred
Meant to give people treatment to prevent relapse
Tertiary prevention
Strategy that aims to soften the impact of an ongoing illness or injury that has lasting effects
Done by helping people manage long-term, often complex health problems and injuries
Determinants of health behaviors
Demographic factors Age Values Personal control Social influence Personal goals and values Perceived symptoms Access to the health care delivery system Knowledge and intelligence
Educational appeals
People change their health habits, if they have good information about their habits
fear appeals
People change their behavior if they fear that a particular habit is hurting their health
Promotion motivation example
“Want your kid to learn water safety, take them to swimming lessons “
Prevention motivation example
“Want to prevent your kid from drowning, take them to swimming lessons “
Theory of planned behavior
Definition
Components (3)
Health behaviors are the result of a behavioral intention or plan
Behavioral intentions have three components:
- attitudes toward action
- subjective norms regarding action
- perceived behavioral control toward action
Self determination theory
Definition ?
Components?
People are actively motivated to pursue their goals
Components fundamental to behavior change :
- autonomous motivation
- perceived competence
Motivational interviewing
Definition?
Goal?
Interviewer adopts a nonjudgmental, non-confrontational encouraging and supportive style
Goal- to help clients express their positive or negative thoughts regarding the behavior
Relapse prevention
Asking people to identify the situations that may lead to relapse
Engaging participants in constructive self talk
Abstinence violation effect
Feeling of loss of control that results when a person has violated self imposed rules
Trans theoretical model of behavior change
Stages ?
Precontemplation Contemplation Preparation Action Maintenance
Social engineering
Modifying the environment in ways that affect people’s ability to practice a health behavior
Ex: New York banning big cups of soda
Emotional factors may lead to unhealthy behaviors
T or F
True
Health belief model
Factors influencing health behavior practices :
- perceived health threat
- perceived threat reduction
The goal “used to increased perceived risk and perceived effectiveness of steps to modify health habits “ is from what theory ?
Health belief model
Criticism of health belief model ?
It leaves out self efficacy , which is one’s ability to control his or her practice of a particular behavior
Cognitive restructuring
A cognitive- behavioral approach
Trains people to recognize and modify their internal monologues to promote health behavior change
Self control of behavior
A cognitive behavioral approach
People learn to control the antecedents and consequences of the target behavior
