Early-life Stress Flashcards
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs)
Who was surveyed ?
A study done on 17,337 adult members of kaiser in San Diego partnered with centers for Disease control
ACEs definition
A study that did extensive data on psychosocial and medical outcomes from medical records and surveys
Asked members to complete a 10-question survey regarding their childhood experiences
ACE study results
People with 4 or more ACEs have higher chances of
- develop depression
- attempt suicide
- develop severe obesity
- heart disease
- bronchitis or emphysema
What are the pathways from ACEs to poor health ?
2 ways ?
1) Cumulative exposure to stressful experiences
2) latent effects
Cumulative exposure to stressful experiences?
Through “wear and tear”/ allostatic load mechanisms
Latent effects
Through “biological embedding” during sensitive periods in development
Developmental programming (sometimes prenatally)
Epigenetic changes
Prenatal undernutrition
What health outcomes it is associated with ?
Obesity
Diabetes
Stress
Cardiovascular disease
Child neglect, two pathways through which it affects the brain ?
B
Policy solutions for childhood adversity
Reduce early-life “toxic stress”
Invest in early childhood education programs
Use child welfare services for health promotion
What do they mean by reduce early life toxic stress ?
Acknowledge child maltreatment as a public health issue
Using child protective services to provide referrals for children with developmental delays or disabilities is a form of ______ ______?
Policy solutions
Goals of nurse visitation programs
Improve prenatal care
Prevent child injuries, child abuse, neglect or maltreatment
Improve school readiness and achievement
Reduce crime
Improve family economic self-sufficiency
Improve the coordination and referrals for other community resources and supports
What is the root cause of stress in society according to neurobiologist Robert Sapolsky?
Rank and what your rank means in your society
