Coping Flashcards
Coping
The thoughts and behaviors used to manage the internal and external demands of situations appraised as stressful
Coping characteristics
Relationship with stressful events is a dynamic process
Involves perceptions, emotions, actions, internal and external resources
Coping process
Stressful events, its stage, and anticipated future course
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Appraisal and interpretation of the stressor
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Coping responses and strategies
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Coping tasks
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Coping outcomesNegative affectivity
Marked by anxiety, depression, and hostility
Related to poor health , higher levels of stress indicators , poor responses to treatments
Can create an illusion of poor health
Positive affectivity
Promotes better mental and physical health
Linked with lower levels of stress indicators
Triggers better immune responses
Improves coping
Psychosocial responses examples
Optimism Self esteem Conscientiousness Self confidence Being smart Emotional stability Psychological control
Resilience
Ability to bounce back from bad experiences and adapt flexibly to stressful situations
Resources that promote resilience?
Sense of coherence and purpose about life
Sense of humor and trust in others
Sense that life is worth living
Religious beliefs
Relationship between religious beliefs and health
Religions prohibit unhealthy behaviors or teach that the body should be cared for
provide Social support and community
Promote self esteem and identity development
Reduce anxiety about the unknown or death
Can increase sense of control
Coping style
Propensity to deal with stressful events in a particular way
Avoidant coping style
Coping by avoiding a threat
Approach coping style
Coping by gathering information or directly taking action against threat
Problem focused coping
Attempting to do something constructive about the stressful conditions
Coming up with solutions to problem
Emotion focused coping
Regulating emotions experienced due to the stressful event
Ex: going to therapy
External resources for coping
Examples ?
Time Money Education Friends Family Presence of positive life events Absence of other life stressors
Stages in collective coping with tragedy
Emergency stage
Inhibition stage
Adaptation stage
Emergency stage
Initial reaction when people talk and think extensively about it
Inhibition stage
No longer talk about even but still think or dream about it
Adaptation stage
Both thought and discussion are reduced
John Henryism
Prolonged high effort, active coping with psychosocial environmental stressors
Prevalent in African Americans
Coping outcomes
Reducing or eliminating stressors
Tolerating or adjusting to negative events or realities
Maintaining a positive self image
Maintaining emotional equilibrium
Enhancing recovery when ill
Mindfulness meditation
Teaches indícalas to have a higher awareness of the present
Focus on the present and accept it
Help people manage their reactions to stress and the resulting negative emotions
Acceptance and commitment therapy
Teaches individuals to:
- accept the problem
- be aware of its occurrence and conditions that cause it
- change behaviors
Expressive writing
Lowers psychological and physiological indicators of stress
Aids in effective coping
Helps organize thoughts and find meaning
Helps to focus attention on positive aspects
Provides an opportunity to clarify emotions
Affirms one’s personal values
Self affirmation
Helps individuals feel better about themselves
Lowers physiological activity and distress
Undermines defensive reactions to health threats
Coping effectiveness training
Example of skills
Identifying stressors
Monitoring stress
Identifying stress antecedents
Avoiding negative self talk
Setting new goals
Time management and planning
