Coping

Question 1

Coping

Answer 1

The thoughts and behaviors used to manage the internal and external demands of situations appraised as stressful

Question 2

Coping characteristics

Answer 2

Relationship with stressful events is a dynamic process

Involves perceptions, emotions, actions, internal and external resources

Question 3

Coping process

Answer 3

Stressful events, its stage, and anticipated future course 
          |
Appraisal and interpretation of the stressor 
          |
Coping responses and strategies 
          |
Coping tasks
          |
Coping outcomes

Question 4

Negative affectivity

Answer 4

Marked by anxiety, depression, and hostility

Related to poor health , higher levels of stress indicators , poor responses to treatments

Can create an illusion of poor health

Question 5

Positive affectivity

Answer 5

Promotes better mental and physical health

Linked with lower levels of stress indicators

Triggers better immune responses

Improves coping

Question 6

Psychosocial responses examples

Answer 6

Optimism 
Self esteem 
Conscientiousness
Self confidence 
Being smart 
Emotional stability 
Psychological control

Question 7

Resilience

Answer 7

Ability to bounce back from bad experiences and adapt flexibly to stressful situations

Question 8

Resources that promote resilience?

Answer 8

Sense of coherence and purpose about life

Sense of humor and trust in others

Sense that life is worth living

Religious beliefs

Question 9

Relationship between religious beliefs and health

Answer 9

Religions prohibit unhealthy behaviors or teach that the body should be cared for

provide Social support and community

Promote self esteem and identity development

Reduce anxiety about the unknown or death

Can increase sense of control

Question 10

Coping style

Answer 10

Propensity to deal with stressful events in a particular way

Question 11

Avoidant coping style

Answer 11

Coping by avoiding a threat

Question 12

Approach coping style

Answer 12

Coping by gathering information or directly taking action against threat

Question 13

Problem focused coping

Answer 13

Attempting to do something constructive about the stressful conditions

Coming up with solutions to problem

Question 14

Emotion focused coping

Answer 14

Regulating emotions experienced due to the stressful event

Ex: going to therapy

Question 15

External resources for coping

Examples ?

Answer 15

Time 
Money 
Education 
Friends 
Family 
Presence of positive life events 
Absence of other life stressors

Question 16

Stages in collective coping with tragedy

Answer 16

Emergency stage
Inhibition stage
Adaptation stage

Question 17

Emergency stage

Answer 17

Initial reaction when people talk and think extensively about it

Question 18

Inhibition stage

Answer 18

No longer talk about even but still think or dream about it

Question 19

Adaptation stage

Answer 19

Both thought and discussion are reduced

Question 20

John Henryism

Answer 20

Prolonged high effort, active coping with psychosocial environmental stressors

Prevalent in African Americans

Question 21

Coping outcomes

Answer 21

Reducing or eliminating stressors

Tolerating or adjusting to negative events or realities

Maintaining a positive self image

Maintaining emotional equilibrium

Enhancing recovery when ill

Question 22

Mindfulness meditation

Answer 22

Teaches indícalas to have a higher awareness of the present

Focus on the present and accept it

Help people manage their reactions to stress and the resulting negative emotions

Question 23

Acceptance and commitment therapy

Answer 23

Teaches individuals to:

• accept the problem
• be aware of its occurrence and conditions that cause it
• change behaviors

Question 24

Expressive writing

Answer 24

Lowers psychological and physiological indicators of stress

Aids in effective coping

Helps organize thoughts and find meaning

Helps to focus attention on positive aspects

Provides an opportunity to clarify emotions

Affirms one’s personal values

Question 25

Self affirmation

Answer 25

Helps individuals feel better about themselves

Lowers physiological activity and distress

Undermines defensive reactions to health threats

Question 26

Coping effectiveness training

Example of skills

Answer 26

Identifying stressors

Monitoring stress

Identifying stress antecedents

Avoiding negative self talk

Setting new goals

Time management and planning