Health and Human Rights 8.3 Flashcards
What is the relationship between social and economic development?
The relationship between social and economic development is complex and dependant on decision made by governments on the importance of social progress
- Nordic countries prioritise social progress
- USA and China prioritise economic progress
What is a democracy?
- strong political culture, high political turnout – Norway
- a system where the people of a country elect their leaders e.g., Canada
What is a flawed democracy?
- Where elections are fair and free but have many issues within the democracy e.g., media can show false information or can be used to persuade population, low levels of participation in politics
- USA or UK
What is hybrid?
- combination of democratic traits (e.g. frequent and direct elections) and autocratic traits (e.g. political repression)
- Country example - Bolivia
What is a totalitarian government?
- A form of government that attempts to assert control over population
- Strong ruling body over many parts of life of the population
- Coercion and repression
- North Korea – ruled by the same family since 1948
- Censorship of media, mandatory of military sign up, only one child, same political party
How has the WTO contributed to Free Trade, privatisation or the deregulation of financial markets in order to assist the development?
- Promotes free trade between developed and emerging countries
- Removing trade barriers to make it easier
- Preventing disputes from escalating
How has the IMF contributed to Free Trade, privatisation or the deregulation of financial markets in order to assist the development?
- Encourage privatisation to allow for competition to enter emerging countries to create lower prices
- Encourage developing countries to privatise their industries to make money – as FDI will invest into it and make it better
How has the the world bank contributed to Free Trade, privatisation or the deregulation of financial markets in order to assist the development?
-Gives out loans to help with aid support with conditions (reduce barriers to trade or deregulate) to encourage economic and social development
Example of a socialist government
-don’t allow foreign investment - Finland have very high taxes to fund this social development
What do totalitarian governments prioritise?
- Some governments focus on military spending and other adopt a totalitarian regime with little spent on health and education as a way of controlling the population (Uzbekistan) – not educated, not aware of human rights so they stay loyal to government
- Propaganda – ban tv programmes that are against policies to try and make population against western culture
Example of a welfare state
-Brazil is focussed on economic development as a way of increasing social development whereas some development focus on the welfare state
What does the USA government priorities?
- Large spending on military
- Put power and international status as the top priority
- Need to spend military to remain powerful – focus on economic development
What is the world bank’s role in development?
- They are founding members of the Global Partnership for Education focussing on two of the MDG’s:
- Achieve universal primary education
- Promote gender equality
Why does the world bank say education is important?
- It’s a human right
- Strongest factor for reducing poverty and improving health, gender equality, peace and stability
- Delivers returns in terms of incomes and ensure equal opportunities
- It promotes employment, earnings, health and poverty reduction
- It drives long term economic growth, incentive for innovation
How does the world bank help the developing world with education?
- In 2020, it provided $5.2bn for educational programmes in the developing world
- Work for education programs in 80 different countries
Education in India by the world bank - what is education like in Rajasthan in Northern India?
- girls traditionally stayed at home and were sometimes married off when they are young however this is now changing.
- Girls married off when babies
- Educating is a waste for girls and money is spent on boys going to school
- Most women and girls can’t read or write and will spend most of their lives doing hard labour