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Neuro > Headache > Flashcards

Headache Flashcards

1
Q

What is a primary headache?

A

No underlying medical cause

Disturbance of normal pain pattern

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2
Q

Describe tension type headaches.

A

Most frequent type of non-disabling primary headache
Mild
Bilateral
Pressing/tightening character

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3
Q

Describe migraines.

A 
Most frequent type of disabling primary headache
Headache 
Nausea
Photophobia
Phonophobia
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4
Q

Which group is 3x more likely to suffer migraines?

A

Pregnant women

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5
Q

What is the most common trigger of migraines?

A

Stress

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6
Q

Which kind of medication for migraines should be avoided with women of child-bearing age?

A

Anti-epileptics

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7
Q

What changes may precede a migraine?

A 
Mood changes
Fatigue
Cognitive change
Muscle pain
Food craving
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8
Q

What is involved in the early headache stage of a migraine?

A

Pull headache
Nasal congestion
Muscle pain

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9
Q

Describe the advanced headache stage of a migraine?

A 
Unilateral throbbing pain
Nausea
Photophobia
Phonophobia
Osmophobia
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10
Q

What is chronic migraine?

A

Headache on 15 or more days of the month
8 or more must be migraine
For more than 3 months

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11
Q

What are some abortive treatments of migraine?

A

Aspirin/NSAIDs

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12
Q

What are some prophylactic treatments of migraine?

A

Propanolol
Anti-epileptics
Tricyclic antidepressants

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13
Q

Which medications must be avoided in medication overuse headaches?

A

Codeine

Compression analgesics

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14
Q

What is a trigeminal autonomic cephalgias?

A

Characterised by attacks of moderate to severe unilateral pain of head or face
May include lacrimation, conjunctival infection, nasal congestion and ptosis

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15
Q

What are some characteristics of a cluster headache?

A 
Pain mainly orbital/temporal
Strictly unilateral
Rapid onset
Rapid cessation
Time of onset fairly constant
45-90 mins
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16
Q

What ares some characteristics of paroxysmal hemicrania?

A 
Pain mainly orbital/temporal
Attacks strictly unilateral
Rapid onset 
Rapid cessation of pain
2-30 mins
Absolute response to indometacin
17
Q

What are some characteristics of trigeminal neuralgia?

A

Unilateral maxillary/mandibular pain
Stabbing pain
5-10 seconds
Cutaneous triggers like wind, touch, and chewing

18
Q

Which medications are sued for trigeminal neuralgia?

A

Verapamil

Gabapentin

19
Q

What are some red flags in secondary headache?

A 
New onset
Change in headache
Neck stiffness
Fever
High pressure
Hypertension
Hypotension
20
Q

What may be the cause of intracranial hypotension?

A

CSF leak

21
Q

What finding would support a diagnosis of giant cell arteritis?

A

Raised ESR

Neuro (29 decks)

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