head and neck cancer Flashcards
name 5 risk factors for head and neck cancer
- male
- smoking
- alcohol
- EBV -> nasopharyngeal
- HPV -> oral, oropharyngeal and oesophageal
most common nasal and nasopharyngeal cancer
squamous cell carcinoma
nasal and nasopharyngeal tumour presentation
- unilateral nasal congestion
- possible epistaxis
- new chronic sinusitis in more elderly patients
nasal and nasopharyngeal tumour diagnosis
- rhinoscopy and biopsy
- MRI for staging
nasal and nasopharyngeal tumour management
radiotherapy
most common oropharyngeal cancer
squamous cell carcinoma
oropharyngeal cancer presentation
- trismus
- dysphagia
- white leucoplakia
- persistent sore throat
- sensation of a lump
- persistent earache
- irritation of symptoms by eating hot and cold food
oropharyngeal cancer diagnosis
- biopsy
- MRI or CT to stage
early/small oropharyngeal cancer management
radical radiotherapy or surgery
locally advanced but resectable oropharyngeal cancer management
surgery and post op radiotherapy
locally advanced and not resectable oropharyngeal cancer management
chemo/radiotherapy
most common laryngeal cancer
squamous cell carcinoma
laryngeal cancer presentation
- progressive hoarseness
- possible stridor
- haemoptysis
- dysphagia
- otalgia
laryngeal cancer diagnosis
- laryngoscopy and biopsy
- neck CT for staging
laryngeal cancer management
- laryngeal sparing (T1 or T2)
- total or partial laryngectomy
- chemo/radiotherapy
- can be used as alternative to laryngectomy in advanced disease
