head and neck anatomy Flashcards
proper name for adam’s apple
thyroid cartilage
which veins lie lateral to the common carotid arteries
internal jugular veins
which nerve lies between the common carotid artery and the internal jugular vein?
vagus
at what level is the lower border of the cricoid cartilage?
C6
which 2 junctions are at the level of C6?
junction of larynx and trachea
junction of pharynx and oesophagus
which striated neck muscle is contained within the superficial fascia?
platysma
platysma muscle extends from — to —
from the region of the clavicle, deltoid and pectoralis major
to the mandible
nerve supply of the platysma muscle
cervical branch of the facial nerve
3 muscles connecting sternum, hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage
sternohyoid
sternothyroid
thyrohyoid
muscle extending between hyoid and scapula
omohyoid
the 4 infrahyoid/ strap muscles
sternohyoid
sternothyroid
thyrohyoid
omohyoid
nerve supply of the infrahyoid/ strap muscles
ansa cervicalis
what is the ansa cervicalis?
loop of nerves that are part of the cervical plexus from C1, C2, C3
right common carotid is a branch of the…
brachiocephalic trunk
where does the left common carotid branch from?
direct branch from arch of aorta
at the upper border of the thyroid cartilage, the common carotid arteries divide into…
the internal and external carotid arteries
5 things the carotid sheath encloses…
common carotid artery internal carotid artery internal jugular vein vagus nerve deep cervical lymph nodes
3 things the internal jugular vein drains
pharyngeal veins
facial veins
thyroid veins
the internal jugular vein starts at the base of the skull as a continuation of the…
sigmoid venous sinus
internal jugular veins terminates behind which joint?
sternoclavicular
internal jugular terminates by joining the —- to form the —-
joins the subclavian vein
to form the brachiocephalic vein
superior vena cava formed from left and right…
brachiocephalic veins
how many groups of cervical ganglia?
3: superior, middle, inferior
the sympathetic trunk is embedded on the posterior wall of what?
carotid sheath
what is the level of the superior cervical ganglion?
C2, C3
what is the level of the middle cervical ganglion?
C6
what is the level of the inferior cervical ganglion?
neck of the 1st rib
what are the white and grey rami?
communicating branches between spinal nerves and the sympathetic trunk
reason for different colouration in white/grey rami
more myelination of nerve fibres in white rami
what is the inferior cervical ganglion often fused with?
and together, what do they form?
the 1st thoracic ganglion
the stellate ganglion
what is the preganglionic input to the cervical ganglia?
upper thoracic white rami
2 groups of superficial cervical lymph nodes and their locations
anterior - along anterior jugular vein
superficial - along external jugular vein
2 deep groups of superficial cervical lymph nodes and their location
superior deep
inferior deep
both mostly along the internal jugular vein
which lymph nodes form terminal group for all lymphatics in head and neck?
deep cervical nodes
which group of lymph nodes is known as the jugulodigastric nodes and is closely related to the spinal accessory nerve?
superior deep cervical nodes
which nodes drain the tonsils and tongue?
superior deep cervical nodes
which group is referred to as the jugulo-omohyoid nodes? (lies where omohyoid crosses internal jugular)
inferior deep cervical nodes
action of the digastric muscles
open the jaw
which group of nodes drains the tongue, oral cavity, trachea, oesophagus, thyroid gland
inferior deep cervical nodes
boundaries of the posterior triangle of the neck
sternocleidomastoid muscle
trapezius muscle
middle part of the clavicle
what vein drains the scalp and face?
external jugular vein
the external jugular vein lies in the superficial fascia, superficial to which muscle?
sternomastoid
origin of the sternocleidomastoid
manubrium of the sternum
clavicle
insertion of the sternocleidomastoid
mastoid process
superior nuchal line
nerve supply of the sternocleidomastoid
spinal accessory nerve
action of the sternocleidomastoid
turns head to opposite side
contraction of which muscle closes the eye?
orbicularis oculi
2 parts of the orbicularis oculi muscle
palpebral part
orbital part
where abouts are the vocal cords?
in the larynx
