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Grace Phase 1 > head and neck anatomy > Flashcards

head and neck anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

proper name for adam’s apple

A

thyroid cartilage

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2
Q

which veins lie lateral to the common carotid arteries

A

internal jugular veins

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3
Q

which nerve lies between the common carotid artery and the internal jugular vein?

A

vagus

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4
Q

at what level is the lower border of the cricoid cartilage?

A

C6

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5
Q

which 2 junctions are at the level of C6?

A

junction of larynx and trachea

junction of pharynx and oesophagus

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6
Q

which striated neck muscle is contained within the superficial fascia?

A

platysma

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7
Q

platysma muscle extends from — to —

A

from the region of the clavicle, deltoid and pectoralis major
to the mandible

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8
Q

nerve supply of the platysma muscle

A

cervical branch of the facial nerve

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9
Q

3 muscles connecting sternum, hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage

A

sternohyoid
sternothyroid
thyrohyoid

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10
Q

muscle extending between hyoid and scapula

A

omohyoid

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11
Q

the 4 infrahyoid/ strap muscles

A

sternohyoid
sternothyroid
thyrohyoid
omohyoid

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12
Q

nerve supply of the infrahyoid/ strap muscles

A

ansa cervicalis

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13
Q

what is the ansa cervicalis?

A

loop of nerves that are part of the cervical plexus from C1, C2, C3

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14
Q

right common carotid is a branch of the…

A

brachiocephalic trunk

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15
Q

where does the left common carotid branch from?

A

direct branch from arch of aorta

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16
Q

at the upper border of the thyroid cartilage, the common carotid arteries divide into…

A

the internal and external carotid arteries

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17
Q

5 things the carotid sheath encloses…

A 
common carotid artery
internal carotid artery
internal jugular vein
vagus nerve
deep cervical lymph nodes
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18
Q

3 things the internal jugular vein drains

A

pharyngeal veins
facial veins
thyroid veins

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19
Q

the internal jugular vein starts at the base of the skull as a continuation of the…

A

sigmoid venous sinus

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20
Q

internal jugular veins terminates behind which joint?

A

sternoclavicular

21
Q

internal jugular terminates by joining the —- to form the —-

A

joins the subclavian vein

to form the brachiocephalic vein

22
Q

superior vena cava formed from left and right…

A

brachiocephalic veins

23
Q

how many groups of cervical ganglia?

A

3: superior, middle, inferior

24
Q

the sympathetic trunk is embedded on the posterior wall of what?

A

carotid sheath

25
Q

what is the level of the superior cervical ganglion?

A

C2, C3

26
Q

what is the level of the middle cervical ganglion?

A

C6

27
Q

what is the level of the inferior cervical ganglion?

A

neck of the 1st rib

28
Q

what are the white and grey rami?

A

communicating branches between spinal nerves and the sympathetic trunk

29
Q

reason for different colouration in white/grey rami

A

more myelination of nerve fibres in white rami

30
Q

what is the inferior cervical ganglion often fused with?

and together, what do they form?

A

the 1st thoracic ganglion

the stellate ganglion

31
Q

what is the preganglionic input to the cervical ganglia?

A

upper thoracic white rami

32
Q

2 groups of superficial cervical lymph nodes and their locations

A

anterior - along anterior jugular vein

superficial - along external jugular vein

33
Q

2 deep groups of superficial cervical lymph nodes and their location

A

superior deep
inferior deep
both mostly along the internal jugular vein

34
Q

which lymph nodes form terminal group for all lymphatics in head and neck?

A

deep cervical nodes

35
Q

which group of lymph nodes is known as the jugulodigastric nodes and is closely related to the spinal accessory nerve?

A

superior deep cervical nodes

36
Q

which nodes drain the tonsils and tongue?

A

superior deep cervical nodes

37
Q

which group is referred to as the jugulo-omohyoid nodes? (lies where omohyoid crosses internal jugular)

A

inferior deep cervical nodes

38
Q

action of the digastric muscles

A

open the jaw

39
Q

which group of nodes drains the tongue, oral cavity, trachea, oesophagus, thyroid gland

A

inferior deep cervical nodes

40
Q

boundaries of the posterior triangle of the neck

A

sternocleidomastoid muscle
trapezius muscle
middle part of the clavicle

41
Q

what vein drains the scalp and face?

A

external jugular vein

42
Q

the external jugular vein lies in the superficial fascia, superficial to which muscle?

A

sternomastoid

43
Q

origin of the sternocleidomastoid

A

manubrium of the sternum

clavicle

44
Q

insertion of the sternocleidomastoid

A

mastoid process

superior nuchal line

45
Q

nerve supply of the sternocleidomastoid

A

spinal accessory nerve

46
Q

action of the sternocleidomastoid

A

turns head to opposite side

47
Q

contraction of which muscle closes the eye?

A

orbicularis oculi

48
Q

2 parts of the orbicularis oculi muscle

A

palpebral part

orbital part

49
Q

where abouts are the vocal cords?

A

in the larynx

Grace Phase 1 (11 decks)

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