general anatomy Flashcards
how many vertebrae are there? and how many in each section (e.g. cervical)?
33
7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 fused sacral, 4 rudimentary coccygeal vertebrae
name the bony projection posterior to the vertebral canal where the laminae of the spine meet
spinous process
name foramen through which spinal nerves pass
intervertebral foramen
name the bony projections lateral to the vertebral canal where the laminae and pedicles of the spine meet
transverse processes
what are intervertebral discs made of?
fibrocartilage
with soft centre of gelatinous material
in the cervical vertebrae, each transverse process is pierced by which foramen? and what passes through it?
foramen transversarium
the vertebral artery
name the 1st cervical vertebra
atlas
name the 2nd cervical vertebra
axis
how many vertebrae do most ribs articulate with?
2
describe thickness of intervertebral discs in cervical and thoracic vertebrae relative to the size of the vertebral bodies
cervical - thick compared to relative size of vertebral bodies
thoracic - thin “ “
the shaft of the rib is grooved on the underside by what?
the neurovascular bundle
what type of cartilage is the costal cartilage made of?
hyaline cartilage
which are the true ribs, false ribs and floating ribs?
true: 1-7
false: 8-10
floating: 11-12
what is the difference between true ribs, false ribs and floating ribs?
true ribs articulate directly with sternum through cartilages
false ribs articulate indirectly with sternum through the cartilages of the one above
floating ribs have no anterior articulation
the manubrium articulates with..
clavicles
1st ribs
part of 2nd ribs
