Head and neck anatomy

Question 1

What are the 5 layers of the scalp?

Answer 1

SCALP Skin, connective tissue, aponeurosis, loose connective tissue, periosteum/pericranium

Question 2

Which muscle’s aponeurosis contributes to the scalp?

Answer 2

Occipitofrontalis

Question 3

Which layer of the scalp has the neurovascular plane?

Answer 3

Connective tissue layer

Question 4

Which pharyngeal arch are all muscle of facial expression derived from?

Answer 4

2nd

Question 5

Where is the C1 dermatome?

Answer 5

Nowhere. Because it doesn’t exist

Question 6

Which artery does the facial artery branch off?

Answer 6

External carotid artery

Question 7

Which artery does the supraorbital artery branch off?

Answer 7

Ophthalmic artery

Question 8

Which artery supplies the lateral side of the scalp?

Answer 8

Superficial temporal artery

Question 9

Where do emissary veins from the face around the nose drain to?

Answer 9

Cavernous sinus

Question 10

What does the parotid gland secrete?

Answer 10

Saliva

Question 11

Which 4 structures are in the parotid gland?

Answer 11

1 CN7
2 Retromandibular vein
3 External carotid artery
4 Scattered throughout are the parotid lymph nodes.

Question 12

Which bone is often fractured in rhinorrhea?

Answer 12

Ethmoid bone

Question 13

What is epistaxis?

Answer 13

Blood nose

Question 14

Damage to which artery causes a gushing epistaxis?

Answer 14

Sphenopalantine artery

Question 15

Which artery supplies the posterior quadrant of the nasal cavity?

Answer 15

Sphenopalantine artery

Question 16

Describe the innervation of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx

Answer 16

Anterior-superior aspect innervated by V1 of trigeminal.

Postero-inferior aspect innervated by V2 of trigeminal

Question 17

At what vertebral level does the pharynx end?

Answer 17

C6

Question 18

Which muscle, when it contracts, opens the eustachean tube?

Answer 18

Salpinogopharyngeus

Question 19

Which muscle forms most of the floor of the mouth?

Answer 19

Mylohyoid

Question 20

Which tongue muscle is controlled by vagus?

Answer 20

Palatoglossus

Question 21

Which muscle is important for protruding the tongue?

Answer 21

Genioglossus

Question 22

Which nerve does general somatic touch for the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

Answer 22

Glossopharyngeal

Question 23

Which nerve does general somatic touch for the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

Answer 23

Lingual nerve (branch of V3 of trigeminal)

Question 24

Which nerve conveys taste from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

Answer 24

Chorda tympani (branch of the facial nerve)

Question 25

How many teeth does an adult have?

Answer 25

32

Question 26

Which nerve innervates the upper teeth?

Answer 26

Superior alveolar nerve (branch of V2 of trigeminal)

Question 27

Which nerve innervates the lower teeth?

Answer 27

Inferior alveolar nerve (branch of V3 of trigeminal)

Question 28

Where may the upper teeth refer pain to?

Answer 28

Maxillary distribution of trigeminal nerve, eg maxillary sinus

Question 29

Where may the lower teeth refer pain to?

Answer 29

Mandibular distribution of trigeminal nerve, eg external auditory meatus

Question 30

Which nerve innervates almost all of the muscles of the oropharynx?

Answer 30

Vagus

Question 31

Where does the larynx begin?

Answer 31

Epiglottis

Question 32

At what vertebral level does the larynx end?

Answer 32

C6

Question 33

What is the proper name for the Adam's apple?

Answer 33

Thyroid cartilage

Question 34

Which cartilage is just below the thyroid cartilage?

Answer 34

Cricoid cartilage

Question 35

What part of the cricoid cartilage do the vocal ligaments attach to?

Answer 35

Arytenoid cartilage

Question 36

Where does the epiglottis take origin from?

Answer 36

Posterior aspect of thyroid cartilage

Question 37

What position must the vocal ligaments be in to phonate?

Answer 37

Adducted

Question 38

What position must the vocal ligaments be in to breathe?

Answer 38

Abducted

Question 39

Which nerves innervates the larynx?

Answer 39

Superior laryngeal nerve and recurrent laryngeal nerve, which are both branches of the vagus

Question 40

Which nerve does general sensory afferents for the oropharynx?

Answer 40

Glossopharyngeal

Question 41

Which muscle of the pharynx is controlled by the glossopharyngeal nerve?

Answer 41

Stylopharyngeus

Question 42

How many cervical vertebrae are there?

Answer 42

7

Question 43

Which 3 structures are contained within the carotid sheath in the neck?

Answer 43

Common carotid artery, internal jugular vein and vagus nerve

Question 44

Which of the cervical vertebrae are 'typical' cervical vertebrae?

Answer 44

C3-C6

Question 45

If you palpate the neck, which is the largest spinous process in the neck?

Answer 45

C7

Question 46

What runs between the anterior and middle scalene muscles?

Answer 46

Brachial plexus and subclavian artery

Question 47

At what vertebral level does the common carotid bifurcate?

Answer 47

C4

Question 48

Which vertebra has the dens?

Answer 48

C2 / the axis

Question 49

What is contained in the vertebral compartment of the neck?

Answer 49

Cervical vertebrae and postural muscles

Question 50

What is contained in the visceral compartment of the neck?

Answer 50

Thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, trachea, esophagus and recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 51

What is contained in the vascular compartment of the neck?

Answer 51

Common carotid artery, vagus nerve, internal jugular vein

Question 52

encloses the vascular compartment of the neck?

Answer 52

Carotid sheath

Question 53

What encloses the thyroid gland?

Answer 53

Pretracheal fascia

Question 54

What separates the anterior and posterior triangles of the neck?

Answer 54

Sternocleidomastoid muscle

Question 55

What is the order of branches off the external carotid?

Answer 55

Some Anatomists Love Freaking Out Poor Medical Students Superior thyroid. Ascending pharyngeal. Lingual. Facial. Occipital. Posterior auricular. Maxillary. Superficial temporal