Head And Neck Anatomy Flashcards
What are the three trigeminal branches
Ophthalmic
Maxillary
Mandibular
What are the facial nerve branches
Cervical
Mandibular
Buccal
Zygomatic
Temporal
Posterior auricular
What are the muscles of mastication
Masseter
Temporalis
Lateral and medial pterygoid
What areas of the skull can be looked at for age identification?
Occipital bone
Spheno-occipital sychrondosis
Anterior, posterior, mastoid and sphenoid Fontanelles
Metopic suture
Mastoid process
Mental symphysis
How can the occipital bone be used for age identification
Where is it?
Centres of ossification should be fused by school age
It is found at the lower back of the skull
what is the spheno-occipital synchrondosis and how may it be used to check the age?
where is it located?
is it the cartilaginous union between the sphenoid bone and the occipital bone at the base of the skull
It usually fuses between 16 and 25 years of age.
What and where is the anterior fontanelle and how can it be used to check age?
Anterior fontanelle is a diamond shaped part of the front of the skull.
It is fully fused in 98% of cases come age 2.
What is the metopic suture, where is it found and how can it be used to identify age?
Connective tissue that binds the two halves of the frontal bone of the skull
First fuses around 9 months and then disappears around 6 years old
What is the mastoid process, where is it and how can it be used for age identification?
Prominence projecting from the undersurface of the mastoid portion of the temporal bone
Becomes distinct around 2 years of age
What and where is the mental symphysis and how can it be used for age identification?
Fusion by 7-8months of age, before the first year
Unfused centre of mandible below lower centrals
what are the four fontanelles and when do they close?
Anterior fontanelle - by 2
Posterior fontanelle - 1-3 months
Sphenoidal fontanelles x 2 - 6 months
Mastoid fontanelle x 2 - 6-18 months
What is a fontanelle? Why are they there?
Area of soft tissue where bones meet. They are present in foetal skulls to allow for head movement during birth.
They are also essential for cranial and brain growth in early years of development
Name the sutures from top to bottom and the front and back areas where sutures meet
Coronal suture = horizontal
Saggital suture = vertical
Lamboid suture at back
Where coronal meets saggital = Bregma
Where saggital meets lamboid = lambda
Name the circled bone centre
What major artery lies behind here?
Pterion
Middle meningeal artery
