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Anatomy PA > head and brain > Flashcards

head and brain Flashcards

1
Q

calvaria

A

means top part of the skull

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2
Q

• List the fissures and foramen (there are 4) are found in the middle cranial fossa?

A

superior orbital fissure,
foramen rotundum,
foramen ovale,
foramen spinosum

(in order from superior medial to inferior lateral )

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3
Q

Supra-orbital foramen (notch)

A

found in: frontal bone

Nerve branches:
- supraorbital nerve (branch off the frontal branch of opthalamic division (branch) of CNV (V1)

Supraorbital nerve serves the conjuctiva of the eye, frontal sinus, and skin of forehead

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4
Q

optic canal

A

part of sphenoid bone

CN II - optic nerve passes through

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5
Q

superior orbital fissure

A

found in the sphenoid bone

Nerves within

  1. CNIII - oculomotor n
  2. CN IV- trochlear n.
  3. CN VI - abducens n.
  4. branches of opthalmic division V1- of CN V
    - lacrimal n,
    - frontal n.
    - nasociliary n.
  5. sympathetic nerve fibers

Arteries/ veins

  • no arteries!
  • superior and inferior opthalamic veins - eye
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6
Q

what structure is served by CN III

A
  • levator palpebrae superioris m.
  • inferior oblique m.
  • superior rectus m.
  • inferior rectus m.
  • medial rectus m.
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7
Q

what structure is served by CN IV

A

trochlear nerve serves

- superior oblique muscle moving eye inferior laterally

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8
Q

what structure is served by CN VI

A

abducens serves:

lateral rectus muscle moving eye laterally

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9
Q

what does lacrimal nerve serve

A

lacrimal is branch off of opthalmic division of V1 CN V

it serves

  • conjuctiva
  • lacrimal gland
  • upper eyelid
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10
Q

what does frontal nerve serve

A

frontal nerve is a branch off of opthalmic divison V1- CN V

it serves

  • upper eyelid
  • skin of forehead
  • frontal sinus
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11
Q

what does nasociliary n serve

A

it is a branch off of V1 opthalmic division of CN V

it serves
- nose mucosa and skin of nose

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12
Q

inferior orbital fissue

A

found within the sphenoid, maxilla, zygomatic and palatine bones

Nerves within
- zygomatic n.
- infraorbital n.
both = branches of CN V- V2 = maxillary division

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13
Q

what does infraorbital nerve serve

A

infraorbital n. is a branch of V2 of CN V= maxillary division

it serves

  • nasal vestibule
  • lower eyelid
  • upper lip
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14
Q

infra orbital foramen

A

found within maxillary bone

nerves: infraorbital nerve (branch of V2- CN V= maxillary nerve

Arteries/veins

  • infraorbital a.
  • infraorbital v.
  • opthalamic v.
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15
Q

mental foramen

A

found on mandible

nerves:
- inferior alveolar n. (branch of V3 CN V= mandibular divison)

Arteries/veins
- mental a. / mental v.

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16
Q

what does inferior alveolar nerve serve

A

inferior alveolar nerve (branch of V3 of CN V= mandibular branch)

serves
- sensory information from lower teeth and chin

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17
Q

foramen lacerum

A

found in the sphenoid, temporal, occipital bones

nerves:
- deep petrosal n. (branch of facial nerve)

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18
Q

deep petrosal nerve versus lesser petrosal nerve

A

Deep:

  • branch of facial nerve
  • innervates lacrimal gland
  • foramen lacerum

Lesser:

  • branch of CN IX= glossopharyngeal n.
  • sensory info to partoid gland
  • foramen ovale
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19
Q

foramen ovale

A

found in the sphenoid bone

Nerves

  • CN V3 (mandibular nerve)
  • CN IX - glossopharyngeal - lesser petrosal nerve branch
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20
Q

what does CN V3 do

A 
CN V3- mandibular division 
Has several branches
- ariculotemporal n. 
- long buccal n.
- lingual n. 
- inferior alveolar n. 
- masseteric n.

Innervates:

  • Muscles of mastication,
  • Tensor veli palatini muscle,
  • inside of cheek (sensory),
  • anterior 2/3 of tongue (sensory not taste),
  • mylohyoid m. and anterior belly of digatric m.
  • Sensory information from teeth, chin, lower lip, and scalp
21
Q

External acoustic meatus

A

found in temporal bone

  • nothing comes out
22
Q

carotid canal

A

found in temporal bone

contains internal carotid artery

23
Q

stylomastoid foramen

A

found in temporal bone

Nerves
- facial nerve

Facial nerve branches into

  • posterior auricular n.
  • branch to posterior belly of digastric m.
  • temporal
  • zygomatic
  • buccal
  • mandibular
  • cervical branches

Serves: muscles of face = facial expression

24
Q

foramen magnum

A

found in occipital bone

Nerves:
- CN XI= spinal accessory nerve

CNXI innervates SCM, traps

Arteries

  • vertebral a.
  • posterior and anterior spinal arteries
25
Q

jugular foramen

A

between temporal and occipital bone

Nerves

  • CN IX - glossopharyngeal
  • CN X - vagus
  • CN XI - spinal accessory nerve

Veins

  • superior bulb of the internal jugular vein
  • inferior petrosal and sigmoid sinuses
26
Q

what does CN IX innervate

A 
comes out jugular foramen and foramen ovale
innervates:
- parotid gland (lesser petrosal n.)
- stylopharyngeous m. 
- carotid sinus
- carotid bodies 
- sensory info of tympanic membrane
- upper pharynx 
- posterior 1/3 of tongue + taste
27
Q

CN X innervates what

A

vagus

inneravates

  • heart
  • respiratory smooth muscles
  • abdominal viscera
  • muscles of larynx
28
Q

olfactory foramina of cribiform plate

A

found in ethmoid bone

Nerves: CN I - olfactory= sensory fibers to nasal cavity

29
Q

foramen rotundum

A

sphenoid bone

Nerves:
- V2 branch (maxillary division) of CN V

V2 innervates cutaneous sensory info from face, carries parasympathetic preganglionic and postganglionic fibers

30
Q

foramen spinosum

A

sphenoid bone

Nerves:
- meningeal branch of V3- mandibular division of CN V

Meningeal branch supplies dura mater

Arteries / veins
- middle meningeal a/ v

31
Q

internal acoustic meatus

A

temporal bone

Nerves

  • CN VII - facial
  • CN VIII - vestibulocochlear

facial continues via stylomastoid foramen

CN VIII continues via middle ear

32
Q

hypoglossal canal

A

occipital bone

CNXII - hypoglossal nerve

moves tongue
No veins or arteries

33
Q

frontalis muscle innervated by

A

temporal branch of CN VII - facial nerve

34
Q

orbicularis oculi innervated by

A

temporal branch / zygomatic branch of CN VII

35
Q

orbicularis oris innervated by

A

buccal branch of CN VII

36
Q

levator anguli oris m. innervated by

A

buccal branch of CN VII

37
Q

buccinator m. innervated by

A

buccal branch of CN VII

38
Q

zygomaticus major / minor innervated by

A

buccal branch of CN VII

39
Q

levator labii superioris innervated by

A

buccal branch of CN VII

40
Q

depressor anguli oris innervated by

A

marginal mandibular branch of CN VII

41
Q

platysma innervated by

A

marginal cervical branch of CN VII

42
Q

There are 5 vessels forming an anastomizing network supplying the nose
identify the vessel from which each listed vessels supplying nose are derived

  1. anterior ethmoidal artery
  2. posterior ethmoidal artery
  3. sphenopalatine artery
  4. greater palatine artery
  5. septal branch of superior labial artery
A
  1. anterior ethmoidal artery= opthalmic artery
  2. posterior ethmoidal artery= opthalmic artery
  3. sphenopalatine artery= maxillary artery
  4. greater palatine artery= maxillary artery
  5. septal branch of superior labial artery= facial artery
43
Q

identify the artery, CN and specific CN branches located in cavernous sinus

A
  • internal carotid a
  • CN III
  • CN IV
  • CN VI
  • opthalmic n (CN V1)
  • maxillary n (CN V2)
44
Q

what cranial nerves come off the junction of pons / medulla

A

CN VI - abducens
CN VII - facial
CN VIII - vestibulocohclear

45
Q

what CNs come off medulla

A

CN IX- glossopharyngeal

CN X vagus

CN XII- hypoglossal

46
Q

what CN comes off pons

A

CN V

47
Q

what bones make up the orbits of the eye

A 
frontal 
zygomatic
maxillae
nasal
sphenoid
ethmoid
lacrimal 
palatine
48
Q

what branch of CN innervates cornea

A

CN V1 -opthalmic nerve

Anatomy PA (12 decks)

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