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CA > head 1, 2 > Flashcards

head 1, 2 Flashcards

1
Q

bones of the neurocranium

A

frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid

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2
Q

bones of the viscerocranium

A

maxilla, nasal, zygomatic, lacrimal, palatine, vomer, inferior nasal conchae, mandible

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3
Q

bones forming the orbit

A

superiorly: frontal bone
laterally: zygomatic bone, zygomatic process of frontal bone
inferiorly: zygomatic bone, maxilla
medially: frontal bone, maxilla

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4
Q

mandibular foramen

A
  • on the mandibular ramus
  • transmits alveolar vessels, inferior alveolar nerve
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5
Q

mental foramen

A
  • on the body of mandible
  • for mental nerve and vessels
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6
Q

lambdoid suture

A

articulation of parietal and occipital bones, continuous w/ parietomastoid and occipitomastoid sutures

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7
Q

lambda

A

where the two parietal bones meet the occipital bone

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8
Q

coronal suture

A

articulation of frontal and parietal bones

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9
Q

pterion

A
  • articulation of frontal, parietal, and temporal bones
  • meningeal artery runs deep; injury can result in epidural hematoma
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10
Q

sagittal suture

A

between the parietal bones, running from bregma to lambda

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11
Q

portions of hard palate

A

anterior: palatine process of maxilla
posterior: horizontal plate of palatine bone

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12
Q

incisive foramen

A
  • posterior to incisors
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13
Q

palatine foramina

A

medial to molars

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14
Q

choanae

A

posterior nasal apertures

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15
Q

occipital condyles

A

articulate w/ atlas

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16
Q

jugular foramen

A

between temporal and occipital bones

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17
Q

anterior cranial fossa: bones

A
  • frontal bone (orbital plates): lateral
  • ethmoid bone: central
  • sphenoid bone (lateral lesser wings): posterior
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18
Q

anterior cranial fossa: portions of the ethmoid bone

A
  • crista galli: projects superiorly
  • cribriform plate: axons of olfactory nerves traverse
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19
Q

middle cranial fossa: bones

A

sphenoid, temporal bones

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20
Q

superior orbital fissure

A
  • on greater wing of sphenoid
  • for CN III, IV, V1, VI
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20
Q

hypophyseal fossa

A
  • part of the sphenoid bone (middle cranial fossa)
  • for pituitary gland
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21
Q

tuberculum and dorsum sellae

A
  • tuberculum sellae is anterior, dorsum sellae is posterior
  • part of sella turcica (sphenoid bone)
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22
Q

middle cranial fossa: parts of temporal bone

A
  • squamous portion: lateral, for temporal lobes
  • petrous portion: posterior, for cochlea
23
Q

foramen rotundum

A
  • on greater wing of sphenoid
  • for CN V2
24
Q

foramen ovale

A
  • on greater wing of sphenoid
  • for CN V3
25
Q

foramen spinosum

A
  • on greater wing of sphenoid
  • for middle meningeal vessel
26
Q

foramen magnum

A
  • surrounded by occipital bone
  • for spinal cord
27
Q

internal occipital crest

A

divides posterior fossa into R and L cerebellar fossa

28
Q

jugular foramen

A
  • base of petrous ridge of occipital bone
  • for CN IX, X, XI, and internal jugular
29
Q

layers of scalp

A
  • skin
  • dense irregular CT
  • aponeuroses (dense regular CT)
  • loose CT
  • periosteum
30
Q

branches of ophthalmic artery

A

supraorbital, supratrochlear

31
Q

innervation of the face

A
  • trigeminal
  • ophthalmic, maxillary, mandibular
32
Q

orbicularis oculi

A

closes eyelids

33
Q

orbicularis oris

A

compresses, purses lips

34
Q

zygomaticus major

A

elevates mouth up (smile, laugh)

35
Q

occipito-frontalis

A

moves scalp, raises eyebrows

36
Q

buccinator

A

tenses cheek, compresses food

37
Q

facial muscle innervation

A
  • all innervated by facial nerve
  • temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular, cervical
  • originates in brainstem, exits stylomastoid foramen, courses to parotid gland and divides
38
Q

ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve: branches

A

lacrimal, infratrochlear, external nasal

39
Q

maxillary division of trigeminal nerve: branches

A

zygomaticofacial, infraorbital

40
Q

mandibular division of trigeminal nerve: branches

A

buccal, mental

41
Q

facial artery

A
  • branch of external carotid
  • ascends deep to submandibular gland, curves around inferior border of mandible
  • branches: superior and inferior labial, angular (terminal)
42
Q

superficial temporal artery

A
  • terminal branch of external carotid ascending anterior to ear, arising w/ parotid
43
Q

transverse facial artery

A

branch of external carotid coursing anteriorly, superficial to masseter, inferior to zygomatic arch

44
Q

mental artery

A
  • terminal branch of inferior alveolar, exits mental foramen
45
Q

infraorbital artery

A
  • branch of maxillary artery, exits infraorbital foramen
46
Q

facial vein

A

main drainage, originating at medial angle of eye, emptying into internal jugular

47
Q

nasal septum formed by

A

vomer, perpendicular plate of ethmoid

48
Q

nasal cavity formed by

A

hard palate of palatine bone forms floor, cribriform plate forms ceiling

49
Q

superior nasal meatus

A

receives openings of ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses

50
Q

middle nasal meatus

A

receives openings of frontal, maxillary sinuses

51
Q

inferior nasal meatus

A

receives termination of nasolacrimal duct

52
Q

outer ear function

A

collects sound waves, directs towards tympanic membrane

53
Q

ossicles function

A

lever increases vibration created at the tympanic membrane onto oval window

54
Q

cochlea function

A

converts sound waves into electrical impulses

CA (9 decks)

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