HCM 375- Section 4 Flashcards
Primary prevention
Actions to eliminate individual risk factors for a disease. Examples: Automobile seat belts, vaccinations, condom use, using sunblock, smoking cessation
Secondary prevention
Detects disease early and treat disease early. Prevent complications from disease. Examples: Pap smear, prostate cancer
Tertiary prevention
Attempt to eliminate or reduce disability; Rehabilitation. Examples: physical therapy, speech therapy, occupational therapy.
Hand washing to prevent infection in a hospital is a form of: A) Primary B) Secondary C) Tertiary Prevention D) Neither
A) Primary
Risk adjustment
A way to account for individual factors that could affect the outcomes of a medical intervention. It is intended to accound for all factors, excluding the process of health care service delivery. Used to understand difference in health outcome in populations. “Algebra of effectiveness”- based on the notion of health outcomes represented as a function of population demographics, clinical factors, clinical effectiveness, and quality of care. Associated with quantifying risk of short-term outcomes for hospitalized patients and adjusting rates based on these risks. Based on severity-of-illness.
Donabedian Quality Care Framework
Used to assess health care quality. LOOK MORE INTO THIS
Epidemiology
study of how disease is distributed in population and factors that influence/determine this distribution; the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states/events in specified populations and the application of this study to control of health problems
Cost analysis
Compares the cost of several different health services by identifying the range of costs for a given health service
Total cost
cost of providing a health care service
fixed cost
cost that does not vary with level of output
variable cost
varies with level of output
What are the 3 quality care dimension?
Structure, Process, and Outcome
Structure (quality of care)
the setting where care is delivered affects processes and outcomes. (e.g. If facility is undesirable, patients won’t come, workers less motivated to do a good job, health outcomes suffer)
Process (quality of care)
how well medical practices followed affects outcome (e.g. Behavior and technique of staff, as well as extending courtesy to patients)
Outcome (quality of care)
impact of care on health. (Involves evaluating administrative claims data; questionable whether using this data is appropriate for studying clinical care because they do not include information on diagnosis and prognosis and are often inaccurate)
