Hazmat, ICS, WMD Flashcards
What are examples of disasters? Do Hopsitals face chaos after disasters? How can the effects of disorder be minimized?
- Airline disasters, natural disasters, tornadoes, and floods
- Chaos and confusion is common
- Effects can be minimal if:
-management responds quickly with structure and a focused direction of ativities
-HEICS (Hospital Emergency Incident Command System) empoys logical management structure, defined responsibilities, clear reporting channels, and nomenclature
-A vulnerability assessment allows preparation efforts to be focused in those areas of higher probability
What is: CBRNE, WMD, NBC, MCI, Haz Mat
- CBRNE: Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear and Enhanced Conventional Weapons
- WMD: weapons of mass destruction
- NBC: nuclear, biological, chemical
- MCI: mass casualty incident
- Haz mat: Hazardous material
How do you identify hazardous materials?
How many hazardous chemicals/chemicals are there? WHat types of events risk exposure?
- Over 54,000,000. 280,000 which are hazardous
-
-transportation accidents
* *-bulk storage incidents
- humen error**
* *-meth labs**
What is the reference ‘bible’ for hazardous material?
NAERG: North American Emergency Response Guidebook
How can hazardous chemicals be identified? Where can these numbers be found?
- A specific UN or NA identification number is given to specific chemicals
- Found on placards, orange panels, on tank cars, cargo tanks, or bulk packaging
WHat should you do if you identify hazardous waste?
- Keep distance and shield; at least 300’
- Isolate the area and deny entry to unauthorized personnel
- Summon help
What is the definition of terrorism?
What are the three elements of terroism?
- The FBI defines terrorism as, “The unlawful use of force against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or any segment thereof, in the furtherance of political or social objectives.”
- -terroist activities are illegal and use force
- actions are intended to intimidate or coerce - actions are commited in support of political or social objectives
What happened in Oklahoma city on April 19, 1995.
Explosion left 169 dead and 490 injured
What is bioterroism?
- The “intentional use of microorganisms or toxins to produce death or disease in humans, animals, or plants”
What is the history of biological warfare? 400BCE, 1300s, 1700s, and 1990s, 1984, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2005.
- 400BCE: Greeks and ROmans polluted water wells, used poison arrrows, used venomous snakes as weapons
- 1300s: Tartar army catapulted plague infetected corpses at Kaffa
- 1700s: French gave native americans smallpox blankets during French and Indian war
- 1900s: Germany infected animals in Romania and France with anthrax during WWI
- 1984: Rajneeshs cult sprayed buffet food with selmonella
- October 2001: Anthrax sent to government offices
- October 2003: ricin letters identified
- February 2. 2004: Ricin mail attack
-
March 2005: Anthrax detected in mail
*
What are the advantages of bioweapons?
- Cheaper than WMD’s
- Found in nature
- Highly infectious and contagious
- Can be colorless, odorless, and tasteless
- Virtually impossible to trace back to the culprit
- Initial symptoms mimic naturally occuring illnesses
- Long incubation periods
How can you detect biological attacks?
- Look for suspicious, unusual behavior/activites as attacks are usually covert
- An increase in unusual/unlikely deseases in humans or animals
- Increases 911/ER/Doctor visits with similar symptoms by many people in the same location
- Epidemiology is key
What are some unusual things to look for?
- Unusual illneses in age group for season
- Unusual/unknown disease in a geographical region
- Unusually large number of insects druing wrong time of year
- Unusual amounts of deaths/illneses in the area
What are the routes of entry for biological weapons?
- Gastrointestinal(ingestion)
- Injection
- Inhalation
- Cutaneous(skin absoprtion)
