Hazards of Bed Rest

Question 1

Is there a loss of aerobic capacity after 10 days of bedrest?

Answer 1

yes equivalent to almost a decade of decline

Question 2

older adults who develop new functional deficits during hospitalization are ______ to recover lost function

Answer 2

less likely

Question 3

What are some of the common physiological changes that result from prolonged bed rest?

Answer 3

1. decreased muscle strength
2. decreased plasma volume
3. decreased HR/SV/CO
4. accelerated bone loss
5. decreased lung volumes and gas exchange
6. sensory deprivation/isolation

Question 4

what does VO2 do after 20 days of bedrest

Answer 4

decreased by 20% of VO2Max

Question 5

what happens to CO after 3 weeks of bed rest?

Answer 5

decreased by 25%

Question 6

explain what happens to CO SV and HR after bed rest

Answer 6

CO decreases
HR increases
SV decreases

Question 7

Explain what happens to blood composition with bed rest

Answer 7

decreased blood volume
increased blood viscosity

means that you should expect some degree of dehydration

Question 8

what is virchows triad

Answer 8

1. venous stasis
2. blood vessel damage
3. hypercoagability

Question 9

what neurologic adaptations occur with bed rest?

Answer 9

decreased parasympathetic activity
increased sympathetic activity

Question 10

what happens to baroreceptors and bed rest

Answer 10

loss of baroreceptor sensitivity

orthostatic response to standing

Question 11

what are the values that correlate with orthostatic hypotension

Answer 11

decrease in systolic blood pressure of 20 mmhg or more
decrease in diastolic blood pressure of 10 mmhg or more
increase in heart rate of 20 or greater bpm

Question 12

what happens to postural sway and balance after prolonged bed rest

Answer 12

increase in postural sway and decreased balance

Question 13

what are pulmonary changes that occur with bedrest

Answer 13

decreased ribcage movement
decreased lung volume
decreased tidal volume
Forced expiratory flow decreases
gas exchange declines
-similar to restrictive disorder alveolar collapse

Question 14

the pulmonary changes can result in what?

Answer 14

atelectasis and oxygen desaturation and may contribute to the development of pneumonia

Question 15

Bed rest:
rib cage movement
lung volume
tidal volume
FEV

Answer 15

rib cage movement- decreases
lung volume- decreases
tidal volume- decreases
FEV- decreases

Question 16

bed rest increases or decreases the following:
BMD
blood Ca++
fracture risk

Answer 16

BMD decreases
Blood Ca++ increases
fracture risk increases

Question 17

bed rest causes what changes to muscle

Answer 17

decreases force and power
transitions from type 1 to type 2 fibers

Question 18

bed rest causes what changes to the integumentary system

Answer 18

increased risk of pressure ulcers
tissues are compressed, blood vessels are compressed and blood flow is diverted by continual pressure on the skin and underlying structures

Question 19

a study looking at early mobilization of EOB sitting or ambulation at least 20 min within first hour showed what results

Answer 19

decreased length of stay by 1 day